2005
DOI: 10.1021/ol047866k
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Templating Photodimerization of trans-Cinnamic Acids with Cucurbit[8]uril and γ-Cyclodextrin

Abstract: Cucurbit[8]uril and gamma-cyclodextrin are able to align two olefin molecules in a head-head fashion within their large cavities. Excitation of such templated olefins results in syn head-head cyclobutanes in nearly quantitative yields. The methodology revealed here works with trans-cinnamic acids that do not dimerize either in solution or in the solid state and with the ones that yield only anti head-tail dimer in the solid state. [reaction: see text]

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Cited by 160 publications
(119 citation statements)
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“…122 Our studies of [4,4], [3,3], and [2,2] bispyridyl ethylenes, included within CB [8] discussed in the earlier section, prompted us to conduct the same reaction within γ -CD as the cavity size of γ -CD is similar to that of CB [8]. 115 Since the complex formation of guests with γ -CD is primarily solvatophobic interactions, unlike in case of CB [8] where dipolar interaction also plays a major role, we used the guests in their neutral forms. Stirring a solution of bispyridyl ethylenes dissolved in dichloromethane (5 mL of 20 mM solution) with an aqueous solution of γ -CD (5 mL of 10 mM) yielded the complex as a precipitate.…”
Section: Templation Using Hosts: Aligning the Olefi Ns With Supramolementioning
confidence: 99%
“…122 Our studies of [4,4], [3,3], and [2,2] bispyridyl ethylenes, included within CB [8] discussed in the earlier section, prompted us to conduct the same reaction within γ -CD as the cavity size of γ -CD is similar to that of CB [8]. 115 Since the complex formation of guests with γ -CD is primarily solvatophobic interactions, unlike in case of CB [8] where dipolar interaction also plays a major role, we used the guests in their neutral forms. Stirring a solution of bispyridyl ethylenes dissolved in dichloromethane (5 mL of 20 mM solution) with an aqueous solution of γ -CD (5 mL of 10 mM) yielded the complex as a precipitate.…”
Section: Templation Using Hosts: Aligning the Olefi Ns With Supramolementioning
confidence: 99%
“…2.7 ). 21,22 As noted in the introduction, cinnamic acids give solid -state photoproducts that depend on the crystal lattice and generally lead to the ineffi cient formation of mixtures of photocycloadducts when irradiated in fl uid solutions (predominantly truxinic acids, i.e., HH dimers). 23 Cucurbit[ n ]urils (CB[n]) and calix[ n ]arenes (CA[ n ]) are obtained from the condensation of glycouril and phenols with formaldehyde, respectively, and are in many ways related to the CD hosts described above, presenting hydrophobic pockets in which to encapsulate guests.…”
Section: Templated (2 π + 2 π ) Photocyclization Reactions In Solutionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Vários autores mostraram em diversas situações que a inserção de mais de um hóspede é possível 74,123 e constitui uma boa oportunidade de se estudar reações fotoquímicas bimoleculares em microambiente, o que restringe os modos rotacionais dos fluoróforos grandes 125 . A inclusão de mais de uma molécula nestas condições é muito proveitosa para algumas reações fotoquímicas que se tornam estereosseletivas e são aceleradas, como é o caso da fotoreação [2+2] do diidrocloreto de (E)-diaminoestilbeno dentro de CB [8], estudada por Kim e seu grupo 136,137 e do ácido trans-cinâmico, estudado por Ramamurthy et al 138 . A síntese de macrocíclicos análogos ao CB [6] contendo grupos ftalidrazida em suas paredes confere a estes novos hospedeiros propriedades fotofísicas interessantes, uma vez que estes passam a emitir luz e que esta emissão pode ser alterada pela presença de hóspedes, o que é típico de sistemas semióforos 26 .…”
Section: Os Cucurbitandos Em Remediação Ambiental E Em Química Analíticaunclassified