TEMPO-Controlled Radical Suspension Polymerization in an Oil/Water System in an Autoclave

Taube, Carsten; Schmidt‐Naake, Gudrun

doi:10.1002/1521-4125(200110)24:10<1013::aid-ceat1013>3.0.co;2-a

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Emulsion styrene-rich systems have come back to the forefront as the extra equipment required for miniemulsions has served as somewhat of a deterrent [132]. Further variants to the aqueous dispersed systems have been reported such as dispersion polymerization [133][134][135], and suspension polymerization [136][137][138].…”

Section: Nmp Of Styrenics In Dispersed Aqueous Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Nitroxide Mediated Polymerization in Different Monomer Systems

Marić

2018

COC

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Nitroxide mediated polymerization (NMP) is one of the main reversible de-activation radical polymerization (RDRP) techniques and was one of the earliest discovered. However, other RDRP processes like atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and reversible addition fragmentation transfer polymerization (RAFT) surpassed NMP, as it was largely restricted to styrenic polymerizations. Recently, with secondgeneration nitroxides, controlled homopolymerizations (predictable degree of polymerization with conversion, high chain end fidelity and narrow molecular weight distributions) of acrylates, acrylamides and dienes are now possible. Methacrylic ester homopolymerizations have remained somewhat elusive with commercially available alkoxyamines, but with a low concentration ~ 1-10 mol% of a controlling co-monomer, methacrylate-rich polymers are accessible. Recent reports have shown promising possibilities for methacrylate homopolymerizations. This review will summarize the progress made in the diversity of monomers polymerizable by NMP and an outlook of the ability of NMP to polymerize new families of monomers or to use under-utilized monomers for emerging applications will be given.

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Section: Nmp Of Styrenics In Dispersed Aqueous Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Nitroxide Mediated Polymerization in Different Monomer Systems

Marić

2018

COC

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“…Hence, a living suspension polymerization should not suffer from the aforementioned problems but still should retain the benefits of using an environmentally friendly solvent and relatively low (process) viscosities up to high conversions. Both NMP44–46 and ATRP47–54 have been carried out successfully in suspension, and for ATRP, rate enhancements with respect to homogeneous systems have been reported 49, 51, 54. The suspension polymerization of a dithiocarbamate photoiniferter has also been reported,55 but except for a reported example in the patent literature,56 we are not aware of any published studies on RAFT suspension polymerizations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer polymerization of methyl methacrylate in suspension

Biasutti

Davis

Lucien

et al. 2005

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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The reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization of methyl methacrylate mediated by 2-cyanoprop-2-yl dithiobenzoate (CPDB) in bulk (60 and 70°C) and suspension (70°C) was studied, and in both polymerization systems, a good control of the molecular weight and polydispersity was observed. Stable suspension polymerizations were carried out over a range of CPDB concentrations, and with increasing CPDB concentration, the particle size and polydispersity index of the produced polymer decreased. The former was ascribed to the lower viscosities of the monomer and polymer droplets at low conversions, which caused easier breakup with the applied shear stresses. Lower polydispersity indices at higher CPDB concentrations were probably caused by a diminished gel effect, which was observed at lower CPDB concentrations at high conversions, causing a broadening of the molecular weight distribution. The livingness of the polymers formed in suspension was proven by successful chain extensions with methyl methacrylate, styrene, and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate.

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Tempo

Cornils¹

2020

Catalysis From a to Z

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TEMPO-Controlled Radical Suspension Polymerization in an Oil/Water System in an Autoclave

Cited by 6 publications

References 4 publications

Application of Nitroxide Mediated Polymerization in Different Monomer Systems

Application of Nitroxide Mediated Polymerization in Different Monomer Systems

Reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer polymerization of methyl methacrylate in suspension

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