TEMPO/Phenazine Combi-Molecule: A Redox-Active Material for Symmetric Aqueous Redox-Flow Batteries

Winsberg, Jan; Stolze, Christian; Muench, Simon; Liedl, Ferenc; Hager, Martin D.; Schubert, Ulrich S.

doi:10.1021/acsenergylett.6b00413

Cited by 184 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Thee mployed active materials are often metalbased redox couples dissolved in aqueous media, but agreatly increasing number of charge-storage materials based on organic redox-active molecules have been reported recently. [199,200] Some of these organic materials are not soluble in water and, thus,t he utilization of an organic solvent is required. Organic aprotic solvents show ab etter electrochemical stability and aw ider potential window than protic solvents such as water.…”

Section: Redox-active Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Redox‐Flow Batteries: From Metals to Organic Redox‐Active Materials

et al. 2016

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Research on redox‐flow batteries (RFBs) is currently experiencing a significant upturn, stimulated by the growing need to store increasing quantities of sustainably generated electrical energy. RFBs are promising candidates for the creation of smart grids, particularly when combined with photovoltaics and wind farms. To achieve the goal of “green”, safe, and cost‐efficient energy storage, research has shifted from metal‐based materials to organic active materials in recent years. This Review presents an overview of various flow‐battery systems. Relevant studies concerning their history are discussed as well as their development over the last few years from the classical inorganic, to organic/inorganic, to RFBs with organic redox‐active cathode and anode materials. Available technologies are analyzed in terms of their technical, economic, and environmental aspects; the advantages and limitations of these systems are also discussed. Further technological challenges and prospective research possibilities are highlighted.

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Section: Redox-active Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Redox‐Flow Batteries: From Metals to Organic Redox‐Active Materials

et al. 2016

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“…High viscosity at high concentration. [150,163] [4-Hydroxy-TEMPO] + /[4-hydroxy-TEMPO], E 0 = 0.8 V Solubility of ≈2.1 m in H 2 O; low cost. [151] TEMPO/phenazine combined species Can be used as both catholyte and anolyte with a cell voltage of 1.2 V. Excellent electrochemical stability.…”

Section: Conductivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Complicated synthesis steps. [163] 1-(4-(((1-Oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)oxy)carbo-nyl)benzyl)-1′-methyl-[4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium-chloride (VIOTEMP) species…”

Section: Conductivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Solar Redox Flow Batteries: Mechanism, Design, and Measurement

Cao

Skyllas‐Kazacos

Wang

2018

Advanced Sustainable Systems

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The increasing public awareness of the energy crisis since the 1970s has promoted the ongoing development of energy conversion and storage systems. As a supplement to photovoltaics, photoelectrochemical cells (PECs) are among the promising solar electricity generation systems. However, the intrinsic intermittence of sunlight can never guarantee continuous electricity supply. Therefore, PECs are being developed to convert solar energy to chemical energy in the forms of fuels such as H2 and other organic chemicals. However, this technology requires massive storage systems for the solar fuels/chemicals, and complementary conversion systems for electricity generation from the solar fuels. Redox flow batteries (RFBs) are capable of large‐scale real‐time electricity storage and conversion. Both PECs and RFBs have been investigated for more than three decades, yet the integration of these two systems has not reached maturity. Hence, this review aims to give a critical overview of the state‐of‐the‐art progress in solar redox flow batteries, from the aspects of the working mechanism, device engineering, and performance evaluation.

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“…[213][214][215][216] 4.5 Semi-solid Li-ow batteries Although signicant advances in electrochemical energy storage devices, development of low-cost and high energy density system remains a challenge, especially for medium-and large-scale applications. Nowadays, many ow-assisted electrochemical systems based on different active materials are considered as an alternative route toward scalable and versatile energy storage.…”

Section: -208mentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in electrode materials for Li-based rechargeable batteries

Zhang

Mao

et al. 2017

RSC Adv.

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Rechargeable lithium-ion batteries store energy as chemical energy in electrode materials during charge and can convert the chemical energy into electrical energy when needed. Tremendous attention has been paid to screen electroactive materials, to evaluate their structural integrity and cycling reversibility, and to improve the performance of electrode materials. This review discusses recent advances in performance enhancement of both anode and cathode through nanoengineering active materials and applying surface coatings, in order to effectively deal with the challenges such as large volume variation, instable interface, limited cyclability and rate capability. We also introduce and discuss briefly the diversity and new tendencies in finding alternative lithium storage materials, safe operation enabled in aqueous electrolytes, and configuring novel symmetric electrodes and lithium-based flow batteries.

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TEMPO/Phenazine Combi-Molecule: A Redox-Active Material for Symmetric Aqueous Redox-Flow Batteries

Cited by 184 publications

References 23 publications

Redox‐Flow Batteries: From Metals to Organic Redox‐Active Materials

Redox‐Flow Batteries: From Metals to Organic Redox‐Active Materials

Solar Redox Flow Batteries: Mechanism, Design, and Measurement

Advances in electrode materials for Li-based rechargeable batteries

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