Tempol reduces bacterial translocation after ischemia/reperfusion injury in a rat model of superior mesenteric artery occlusion

Abstract

Tempol prevents bacterial translocation while precluding the harmful effects of ischemia/reperfusion injury on intestinal tissues in a rat model of superior mesenteric artery occlusion.

Ketamine reduces intestinal injury and inflammatory cell infiltration after ischemia/reperfusion in rats

“…9,21,22 The production of reactive oxygen species and bacterial translocation also occurs with ensuing endotoxemia, and contributes to the intestinal I/R pathophysiology. 23,24 Ketamine is capable of modulating some of these processes both in vitro and in vivo, at clinically relevant doses. Ketamine can inhibit cytokine production, 25,26 leukocyte activation, 27 bacterial endotoxic infl ammatory responses in the intestine, 28,29 and possesses other pleiotropic antiinfl ammatory effects.…”

Effects of tempol and redox-cycling nitroxides in models of oxidative stress

“…Microinjections of tempol or the inducible NOS inhibitor, S-methylisothiourea into the rostroventral medulla of rats treated with LPS preserved brain stem mitochondrial function and cell viability and diminished the cardiovascular depression (Chan et al, 2005). Prolonged ischemia and reperfusion of the intestine led to local mucosal damage (Berber et al, 2009) and to pulmonary capillary dysfunction and leak (“shock lung”) that were prevented by infusion of polynitroxylated albumin and tempol (Zhang et al, 2000). Tempol alone had a similar effect and reduced the mortality (Teke et al, 2008).…”

Mechanical intestinal cleansing and antibiotic prophylaxis for preventing bacterial translocation during the pringle maneuver in rabbits

“…1,4-6 Antibiotic prophylaxis, antioxidants, and octerotide have all been proposed to decrease BT. [7][8][9] The colon is considered a major source of the bacteria involved in BT, and it is well known that intestinal cleansing decreases the colonic bacterial count. We conducted this experimental study to evaluate the effectiveness of mechanical intestinal cleansing and antibiotic prophylaxis in preventing BT during the Pringle maneuver in rabbits.…”