Temporal and Spatial Characteristics of Localized Rainfall on 26 July 2012 Observed by Phased Array Weather Radar

Isoda, Fusako; Satoh, Shinsuke; Ushio, Tomoo

doi:10.2151/sola.2018-011

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In this study, a precipitation cell is defined as a three-dimensionally contiguous region of dBZ or greater above km ASL whose volume is larger than 1 km 3 . The reflectivity threshold is slightly higher than those in previous studies, e.g., 10 dBZ (Shusse et al 2005(Shusse et al , 2006, 30 dBZ (Shimizu and Uyeda 2012), and 25 dBZ (Isoda et al 2018). The cell definition in this study implies that the region has larger hydrometeors and/or more numerous particles than those in the previous studies.…”

Section: Definitions Of Precipitation Cell Precipitation Core and Umentioning

confidence: 50%

“…Recently, explosively developing isolated convective storms have been observed frequently during the summer in Japan (e.g., Hirano and Maki 2018;Isoda et al 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More recently, Isoda et al (2018) investigated four isolated convective clouds in Osaka City using a phased array weather radar (PAWR) every 30 seconds. They revealed that heavy rain started within 15 minutes after the first echo appeared, and that a new precipitation core became dominant above a descending precipitation core in the dissipating stage of the precipitation cell.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structure and Evolution of Precipitation Cores in an Isolated Convective Storm Observed by Phased Array Weather Radar

Moroda

Tsuboki

Satoh

et al. 2021

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

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A phased array weather radar (PAWR) can complete one volume scan in seconds, thus enabling us to obtain high spatiotemporal resolution echo intensities and wind fields of storms. Using its rapid scanning capability, we investigated the evolution of a convective storm in detail. To describe evolution of convective storms, we used the following definitions. The precipitation cell is defined as a three-dimensionally contiguous region of 40 dBZ or greater. The precipitation core is defined by a threshold of positive deviation greater than 7 dBZ, which is a difference from the average reflectivity during the mature stage of the cell. An updraft core is defined as an updraft region of 1 m s −1 or stronger at a height of 2 km. An isolated convective storm was observed by two PAWRs on 7 August 2015 in the Kinki District, western Japan. The storm was judged as a single cell, according to the above definition. We identified nine precipitation cores and five updraft cores within 49 minutes in the mature stage of the cell. A long-lasting updraft core and its branches moved southwestward or southeastward. Around these updraft cores, the precipitation cores were generated successively. The updraft core with the longest duration lasted 73.5 minutes; in contrast, the lifetimes of precipitation cores were from 4.5 to 14.5 minutes. The precipitation cell was maintained by the successive generations of updraft cores which lifted humid air associated with a low-level southwesterly inflow. The total amounts of water vapor inflow supplied by all the identified updraft cores were proportional to the volumes of the precipitation cell, with a correlation coefficient of 0.75. Thus, the extremely high spatiotemporal resolution of the PAWR observations provides us with new evidence that an isolated convective storm can be formed by multiple precipitation cores and updraft cores.

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Section: Definitions Of Precipitation Cell Precipitation Core and Umentioning

confidence: 50%

“…Recently, explosively developing isolated convective storms have been observed frequently during the summer in Japan (e.g., Hirano and Maki 2018;Isoda et al 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structure and Evolution of Precipitation Cores in an Isolated Convective Storm Observed by Phased Array Weather Radar

Moroda

Tsuboki

Satoh

et al. 2021

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

Self Cite

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“…As discussed above, existing weather radars are facing a difficulty in obtaining fine-scale weather features that change rapidly in time and space, such as tornadoes, hail-storms, and convective precipitations [30]. Short-range phased array weather radars developed in recent years have enhanced the temporal resolution of detection, but can only measure the radial velocity of precipitation particles along the radar beam.…”

Section: Array Weather Radarmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fusion of High-Resolution Reflectivity for a New Array Weather Radar

Yang

et al. 2019

Atmosphere

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Array Weather Radar (AWR) is a novel type weather radar equipped with a distributed phased array technology. As a new instrument with new technology, the AWR offers very high spatiotemporal resolution that enables detection of the fine-scale flow field and reflectivity of severe convective storms. This new AWR provides coordinated observations of a target from three subarrays of transmitter-receiver antenna units. This paper introduces a resolution enhancement concept that the very high range resolution of one subarray can be used to compensate lower azimuth and elevation resolutions of the other subarrays of the AWR. The resolution enhancement effect is estimated using data point density. A data fusion method is then presented to obtain a unified high-resolution reflectivity from the networked and coordinated AWR subarray observations. First, based on the reflectivity data from the AWR subarray volume scans, numbers of the data-point filling in both the azimuth and elevation directions are calculated. Then, the fusion of three subarray reflectivity data is achieved through the vertical and horizontal filling and merging in a common coordinate system. The final product of the fused high-resolution reflectivity is verified using both subjective and objective evaluations. The verification experiments included radar echoes of two simulated weather scenarios, a small-scale heavy precipitation and a tornado, along with a real precipitation event. The real precipitation event was observed from the AWR system that is installed and operational at the Changsha Huanghua International Airport. The performance of the proposed high-resolution reflectivity fusion method yields a 35% smaller root mean square error and an 11% increase in the correlation coefficient to the maximum extent. The real event result shows that the final fused high-resolution reflectivity depicted a more detailed and complete echo structure compared to the China New Generation Weather Radar network observation.

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“…Japan Osaka University established two short-range phased array radar networks in 2015 (Yoshikawa et al 2013). The phased array radar network overcomes the shortcomings of the traditional weather radar systems, such as large time difference and low scanning speed (Yoshida et al 2017;Isoda et al 2018). Cooperated with relevant manufacturers, Meteorological Observation Center of China Meteorological Administration (CMA) designed and developed an X-band array weather radar (AWR) in 2015.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity Analysis on Data Time Difference for Wind Fields Synthesis of Array Weather Radar

Liu

Yang

et al. 2020

SOLA

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Array weather radar (AWR), a kind of distributed phased array radar, includes at least three Phased Array Front Ends (PAFE). Every three PAFEs are grouped for synchronous scanning to ensure that the Data Time Difference (DTD) at the same point in the fine detection area is less than 2 s. This paper adopts the multiple-Doppler wind synthesis method to synthesize the wind field of the small-DTD AWR data and discusses the sensitivity analysis on the wind fields under the different DTDs. The analysis experiment includes the wind fields under two types of precipitation systems. One is a convective precipitation system with unstable airflow, and the other is a non-convective precipitation system with stable airflow. The statistical analysis showed that, due to the advection effect and intrinsic evolution of the precipitation systems, the bigger the DTD is, the bigger the wind field error is. When the DTD is greater than 24 s, the wind field obtained by the convective precipitation system has more errors. When the DTD is greater than 84 s, the wind field obtained by the non-convective precipitation system has more errors.

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Temporal and Spatial Characteristics of Localized Rainfall on 26 July 2012 Observed by Phased Array Weather Radar

Cited by 7 publications

References 11 publications

Structure and Evolution of Precipitation Cores in an Isolated Convective Storm Observed by Phased Array Weather Radar

Structure and Evolution of Precipitation Cores in an Isolated Convective Storm Observed by Phased Array Weather Radar

Fusion of High-Resolution Reflectivity for a New Array Weather Radar

Sensitivity Analysis on Data Time Difference for Wind Fields Synthesis of Array Weather Radar

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