Temporal and vertical distribution of total ammonia nitrogen and un‐ionized ammonia nitrogen in sediment pore water from the upper Mississippi River

Frazier, Bradley E.; Naimo, Teresa J.; Sandheinrich, Mark B.

doi:10.1002/etc.5620150204

Cited by 38 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…These differences were attributed to the higher pH in the over-2062 Environ. This vertical pH gradient is not an artifact of the laboratory exposure system because surface waters are often 0.4 to 1 pH unit greater than in pore water, although NH 3 -N concentrations in surface water are generally lower than in pore water [30]. Chem.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, sediment and water-only tests should be conducted to better characterize potential exposure routes for ammonia (and other contaminants) across life stages. Concentrations of ammonia in pore waters vary widely in river systems, with ranges of Ͻ1 to 10 mg TAN/L in the relatively uncontaminated upper Mississippi River [30] to Ͼ52 mg TAN/L in the grossly contaminated Fox River [40]. Although considerable research has been conducted on this relation in other aquatic species, relatively few data 2064 Environ.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lethal and sublethal effects of ammonia to juvenile Lampsilis mussels (unionidae) in sediment and water‐only exposures

Newton

Bartsch

2007

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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We compared the sensitivity of two juvenile unionid mussels (Lampsilis cardium and Lampsilis higginsii) to ammonia in 96-h water-only and sediment tests by use of mortality and growth measurements. Twenty mussels were placed in chambers buried 2.5 cm into reference sediments to approximate pore-water exposure (sediment tests) or elevated above the bottom of the experimental units (water-only tests). In the sediment tests, a pH gradient existed between the overlying water (mean 8.0), sediment- water interface (mean 7.7), and 2.5 cm depth (mean 7.4). We assumed that mussels were exposed to ammonia in pore water and report effect concentrations in pore water, but if they were exposed to the higher pH water, more of the ammonia would be in the toxic un-ionized (NH(3)) form. The only differences in toxicity and growth between mussel species occurred in some of the water-only tests. In sediment tests, median lethal concentrations (LC50s) ranged from 124 to 125 microg NH(3)-N/L. In water-only tests, LC50s ranged from 157 to 372 microg NH(3)-N/L. In sediment tests, median effective concentrations (EC50s based on growth) ranged from 30 to 32 microg NH(3)-N/L. Juvenile mussels in the water-only tests grew poorly and did not exhibit a dose-response relation. These data demonstrate that growth is a sensitive and valuable endpoint for studies on ammonia toxicity with juvenile freshwater mussels and that growth should be measured via sediment tests.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lethal and sublethal effects of ammonia to juvenile Lampsilis mussels (unionidae) in sediment and water‐only exposures

Newton

Bartsch

2007

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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“…. Frazier et al (1996) also found a wide range of concentrations (TAN: 0.7-4.0 mg l -1 ) in sediments of the lower portion of Navigation Pool 8. While there are concerns that ammonia toxicity contributes to large-scale declines in freshwater invertebrates (e.g., Sparks & Sandusky, 1981;Wilson et al, 1995), we found no published evidence that natural conditions in the UMR lead to toxic levels of unionized ammonia (NH 3 ).…”

Section: In Unenriched Waters Concentrations Of Nh 3 or Nhmentioning

confidence: 94%

Nitrogen and phosphorus in the Upper Mississippi River: transport, processing, and effects on the river ecosystem

2010

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Existing research on nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) in the Upper Mississippi River (UMR) can be organized into the following categories: (1) Long-term changes in nutrient concentrations and export, and their causes; (2) Nutrient cycling within the river; (3) Spatial and temporal patterns of river nutrient concentrations; (4) Effects of elevated nutrient concentrations on the river; and (5) Actions to reduce river nutrient concentrations and flux. Nutrient concentration and flux in the Mississippi River have increased substantially over the last century because of changes in land use, climate, hydrology, and river management and engineering. As in other large floodplain rivers, rates of processes that cycle nitrogen and phosphorus in the UMR exhibit pronounced spatial and temporal heterogeneity because of the complex morphology of the river. This spatial variability in nutrient processing creates clear spatial patterns in nutrient concentrations. For example, nitrate concentrations generally are much lower in off-channel areas than in the main channel. The specifics of in-river nutrient cycling and the effects of high rates of nutrient input on UMR have been less studied than the factors affecting nutrient input to the river and transport to the Gulf of Mexico, and important questions concerning nutrient cycling in the UMR remain. Eutrophication and resulting changes in river productivity have only recently been investigated the UMR. These recent studies indicate that the high nutrient concentrations in the river may affect community composition of aquatic vegetation (e.g., the abundance of filamentous algae and duckweeds), dissolved oxygen concentrations in offchannel areas, and the abundance of cyanobacteria. Actions to reduce nutrient input to the river include changes in land-use practices, wetland restoration, and hydrological modifications to the river. Evidence suggests that most of the above methods can contribute to reducing nutrient concentration in, and transport by, the UMR, but the impacts of mitigation efforts will likely be only slowly realized.

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“…Although some of these areas may contain lentic mussel species, populations may be sparse. Such areas could be less conducive to mussels because many are subject to anthropogenic sedimentation (McHenry et al, 1984), episodes of winter hypoxia (Bodensteiner & Lewis, 1992;Gent et al, 1995), high sediment ammonia (Frazier et al, 1996), or freeze to the bottom during winter in shallow areas (Gent et al, 1995).…”

Section: Factors Influencing Mussel Distributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Importance of physical and hydraulic characteristics to unionid mussels: a retrospective analysis in a reach of large river

et al. 2007

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Interest in understanding physical and hydraulic factors that might drive distribution and abundance of freshwater mussels has been increasing due to their decline throughout North America. We assessed whether the spatial distribution of unionid mussels could be predicted from physical and hydraulic variables in a reach of the Upper Mississippi River. Classification and regression tree (CART) models were constructed using mussel data compiled from various sources and explanatory variables derived from GIS coverages. Prediction success of CART models for presence-absence of mussels ranged from 71 to 76% across three gears (brail, sled-dredge, and dive-quadrat) and 51% of the deviance in abundance. Models were largely driven by shear stress and substrate stability variables, but interactions with simple physical variables, especially slope, were also important. Geospatial models, which were based on tree model results, predicted few mussels in poorly connected backwater areas (e.g., floodplain lakes) and the navigation channel, whereas main channel border areas with high geomorphic complexity (e.g., river bends, islands, side channel entrances) and small side channels were typically favorable to mussels. Moreover, bootstrap aggregation of discharge-specific regression tree models of dive-quadrat data indicated that variables measured at low discharge were about 25% more predictive (PMSE = 14.8) than variables measured at median discharge (PMSE = 20.4) with high discharge (PMSE = 17.1) variables intermediate. This result suggests that episodic events such as droughts and floods were important in structuring mussel distributions. Although the substantial mussel and ancillary data in our study reach is unusual, our approach to develop exploratory statistical and geospatial models should be useful even when data are more limited.

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Temporal and vertical distribution of total ammonia nitrogen and un‐ionized ammonia nitrogen in sediment pore water from the upper Mississippi River

Cited by 38 publications

References 30 publications

Lethal and sublethal effects of ammonia to juvenile Lampsilis mussels (unionidae) in sediment and water‐only exposures

Lethal and sublethal effects of ammonia to juvenile Lampsilis mussels (unionidae) in sediment and water‐only exposures

Nitrogen and phosphorus in the Upper Mississippi River: transport, processing, and effects on the river ecosystem

Importance of physical and hydraulic characteristics to unionid mussels: a retrospective analysis in a reach of large river

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