Temporal change of some statistical characteristics of wind speed over the Great Hungarian Plain

Tar, Krisztina; Makra, László; Horváth, Sz.; Kircsi, Andrea Bíróné

doi:10.1007/s007040170035

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The basic question of this test is whether or not a significant difference can be found between the averages of an arbitrary subsample of a given time series, and the whole sample (Makra & Horvá th 2000, Makra et al 2002, 2004Tar et al 2001).…”

Section: A New Interpretation Of the Two-sample Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

The history and impacts of airborneAmbrosia(Asteraceae) pollen in Hungary

Makra

Juhász

Béczi

et al. 2005

Grana

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Section: A New Interpretation Of the Two-sample Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

The history and impacts of airborneAmbrosia(Asteraceae) pollen in Hungary

Makra

Juhász

Béczi

et al. 2005

Grana

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“…The basic question addressed by this test is whether or not a significant difference can be found between the averages of an arbitrary subsample of a given time series and the whole sample (Makra et al 2000(Makra et al , 2002Tar et al 2001). Let x 1 , x 2 , ... x n ... x N represent independent random variables of normal distribution, with mean m. Let E(x) be the expected value of x, with D(x) its standard deviation.…”

Section: A New Interpretation Of the Two-sample Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, in the case of 99 pieces of data (years) this means 4,752 repeated comparisons of the subsample average and the overall mean. Detection of significant deviations also includes information on their duration, onset and end (Makra et al 2000(Makra et al , 2002Tar et al 2001).…”

Section: A New Interpretation Of the Two-sample Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meteorological variables connected with airborne ragweed pollen in Southern Hungary

et al. 2004

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About 30% of the Hungarian population has some type of allergy, 65% of them have pollen sensitivity, and at least 60% of this pollen sensitivity is caused by ragweed. The short (or common) ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia = Ambrosia elatior) has the most aggressive pollen of all. Clinical investigations prove that its allergenic pollen is the main reason for the most massive, most serious and most long-lasting pollinosis. The air in the Carpathian Basin is the most polluted with ragweed pollen in Europe. The aim of the study is to analyse how ragweed pollen concentration is influenced by meteorological elements in a medium-sized city, Szeged, Southern Hungary. The data basis consists of daily ragweed pollen counts and averages of 11 meteorological parameters for the 5-year daily data set, between 1997 and 2001. The study considers some of the ragweed pollen characteristics for Szeged. Application of the Makra test indicates the same period for the highest pollen concentration as that established by the main pollination period. After performing factor analysis for the daily ragweed pollen counts and the 11 meteorological variables examined, four factors were retained that explain 84.4% of the total variance of the original 12 variables. Assessment of the daily pollen number was performed by multiple regression analysis and results based on deseasonalised and original data were compared.

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“…The average load factor or capacity factor ͑the ratio of mean and rated output powers͒ around 21%-22% is considerably lower than at optimal off-shore sites, [27][28][29] in contempt of the geographic location of turbines belonging to the windiest region of Hungary. [30][31][32][33][34] The standard method for estimating wind power from wind speed data is based on the empirical power curve 35,36 provided by the producers ͑see the power curves, e.g., http:// www.enercon.de, http://www.nordex-online.com, http://www.vestas.com͒. The rated power of commercial turbines spans a wide range from a few kW to 6 MW; however, typical power curves share several other aspects.…”

Section: -3mentioning

confidence: 97%

Comparison of wind power estimates from the ECMWF reanalyses with direct turbine measurements

Kiss

Varga²,

Jánosi

2009

Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy

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Reanalysis data are rarely used for wind power estimates because of the limited spatial and temporal resolution. Here we report on a detailed comparison of wind speed and electric power time series recorded at a continental location in Hungary and estimates provided by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts ͑ECMWF͒ ERA-40 and Interim databases at nearby grid points. The results show that the temporal behavior is adequately represented in reanalysis records with damped magnitudes, as expected. However, characteristic shape differences in the wind speed histograms for turbine measurements and reanalysis hinder a perfect match of statistics. A satisfying agreement of histograms for measured and modeled output powers is achieved by scaling up surface wind speeds to have the same long time average value as for the turbine records. The presented calibration permits us to provide wind power estimates for large geographic areas, where the wind field is similarly coherent as around the test site.

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Temporal change of some statistical characteristics of wind speed over the Great Hungarian Plain

Cited by 12 publications

References 3 publications

The history and impacts of airborneAmbrosia(Asteraceae) pollen in Hungary

The history and impacts of airborneAmbrosia(Asteraceae) pollen in Hungary

Meteorological variables connected with airborne ragweed pollen in Southern Hungary

Comparison of wind power estimates from the ECMWF reanalyses with direct turbine measurements

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