Temporal Changes in Stature of Western Japanese Based on Limb Characteristics.

Wada, Yo; Motomura, Hiroyuki

doi:10.1537/ase.108.147

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…This study extends previous research (i.e., Yamaguchi, 1989;Kato and Ogata, 1989;Wada and Motomura, 2000) by employing statistical analyses that help explain how relative limb length differed between Jomon and Yayoi people. Size-standardized limb lengths are then incorporated into multivariate statistical procedures that are used to reveal underlying similarities between Jomon and Yayoi people with samples from different ecogeographic regions.…”

supporting

confidence: 76%

“…Previous studies report that Jomon foragers had higher brachial and crural indices than Yayoi people and were similar in limb proportions to low latitude, tropical groups such as the African San (Yamaguchi, 1989). In this (i.e., Yamaguchi, 1989) and other studies (i.e., Wada and Motomura, 2000), differences in limb proportions between Jomon and Yayoi people were analyzed via bivariate methods that did not explain relative limb variability. Statistical comparisons of the limb proportions between Jomon and Yayoi people and groups from different ecogeographic regions were also not performed.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Variation in limb proportions between Jomon foragers and Yayoi agriculturalists from prehistoric Japan

Temple

Auerbach

Nakatsukasa

et al. 2008

American J Phys Anthropol

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Variation in limb proportions between prehistoric Jomon and Yayoi people of Japan are explored by this study. Jomon people were the descendents of Pleistocene nomads who migrated to the Japanese Islands around 30,000 yBP. Phenotypic and genotypic evidence indicates that Yayoi people were recent migrants to Japan from continental Northeast Asia who likely interbred with Jomon foragers. Limb proportions of Jomon and Yayoi people were compared using RMA regression and "Quick-Test" calculations to investigate relative variability between these two groups. Cluster and principal components analyses were performed on size-standardized limb lengths and used to compare Jomon and Yayoi people with other groups from various climatic zones. Elongated distal relative to proximal limb lengths were observed among Jomon compared to Yayoi people. Jomon limb proportions were similar to human groups from temperate/tropical climates at lower latitudes, while Yayoi limb proportions more closely resemble groups from colder climates at higher latitudes. Limb proportional similarities with groups from warmer environments among Jomon foragers likely reflect morphological changes following Pleistocene colonization of the Japanese Islands. Cold-derived limb proportions among the Yayoi people likely indicate retention of these traits following comparatively recent migrations to the Japanese Islands. Changes in limb proportions experienced by Jomon foragers and retention of cold-derived limb proportions among Yayoi people conform to previous findings that report changes in these proportions following long-standing evolution in a specific environment.

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supporting

confidence: 76%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in limb proportions between Jomon foragers and Yayoi agriculturalists from prehistoric Japan

Temple

Auerbach

Nakatsukasa

et al. 2008

American J Phys Anthropol

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“…The estimated statures of the medieval people of both sexes generally showed significant differences within the populations from the Yayoi and Kofun periods and there is a gradually decreasing trend in estimated stature from the Kofun period to the medieval and early modern eras (Nagaoka et al, 2008). These secular trends in Japanese stature have been confirmed by previous studies by Hiramoto (1972), Nakahashi (1993), and Wada and Motomura (2000). This third finding confirms the previous finding of a gradually decreasing trend in estimated stature from the Kofun period to the medieval period.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Metric traits of the crania and limb bones of medieval human skeletons from Kamakura City, Japan

Nagaoka¹,

Miyauchi

Nakayama

et al. 2015

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The aims of this study are to examine the human skeletal remains from the Yuigahamachusei-shudan-bochi (seika-ichiba) site, or YCSB-SI, to provide data regarding the metrics of the crania and limb bones, to compare these metrics with those of ancient Japanese skeletons, and to discuss the population variability of the medieval Japanese. The results provided several findings regarding the cranial and limb-bone traits of the YCSB-SI sample: (1) the YCSB-SI remains shared dolichocephaly with the remains from the other medieval series, but the YCSB-SI remains had the highest faces of all the medieval series; (2) there is a distinction between the YCSB-SI remains and the Jomon remains in that the former had a larger length-breadth index of the crania, higher Virchow's facial and upper facial indices, smaller maximum length of the ulnae and tibiae, and a smaller mid-shaft index of the femora than the latter; and (3) the estimated stature from Fujii's equations using the maximum length of the femur for YCSB-SI males and females was 158.7 and 146.3 cm, respectively, which is nearly equal to that of other medieval series but several centimeters shorter than that of the Kofun series.

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“…In terms of intralimb proportions, Jomon people are known to exhibit relatively elongated distal limbs compared with both Yayoi-period immigrants, thought to have come from the Asian continent to the Japanese Islands subsequent to the Jomon period (i.e., during the Yayoi period of 2350-1650 yBP), and modern Japanese (Okamoto and Seki, 1930;Yamaguchi, 1982Yamaguchi, , 1989Yamaguchi, , 1994Doi et al, 2000;Wada and Motomura, 2000;Takigawa, 2005Takigawa, , 2006Temple et al, 2008Temple, 2011). However, the number of earlier studies that argued geographic differences in Jomon intralimb proportions is limited.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Geographic variation in body form of prehistoric Jomon males in the Japanese archipelago: Its ecogeographic implications

Fukase

Wakebe

Tsurumoto

et al. 2012

American J Phys Anthropol

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Diversity of human body size and shape is often biogeographically interpreted in association with climatic conditions. According to Bergmann's and Allen's rules, populations in regions with a cold climate are expected to display an overall larger body and smaller/shorter extremities than those in warm/hot environments. In the present study, the skeletal limb size and proportions of prehistoric Jomon hunter-gatherers, who extensively inhabited subarctic to subtropical areas in the ancient Japanese archipelago, were examined to evaluate whether or not the inter-regional differences follow such ecogeographic patterns. Results showed that the Jomon intralimb proportions including relative distal limb lengths did not differ significantly among five regions from northern Hokkaido to the southern Okinawa Islands. This suggests a limited co-variability of the intralimb proportions with climate, particularly within genealogically close populations. In contrast, femoral head breadth (associated with body mass) and skeletal limb lengths were found to be significantly and positively correlated with latitude, suggesting a north-south geographical cline in the body size. This gradient therefore comprehensively conforms to Bergmann's rule, and may stem from multiple potential factors such as phylogenetic constraints, microevolutionary adaptation to climatic/geographic conditions during the Jomon period, and nutritional and physiological response during ontogeny. Specifically, the remarkably small-bodied Jomon in the Okinawa Islands can also be explained as an adjustment to subtropical and insular environments. Thus, the findings obtained in this study indicate that Jomon people, while maintaining fundamental intralimb proportions, displayed body size variation in concert with ambient surroundings.

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Temporal Changes in Stature of Western Japanese Based on Limb Characteristics.

Cited by 15 publications

References 3 publications

Variation in limb proportions between Jomon foragers and Yayoi agriculturalists from prehistoric Japan

Variation in limb proportions between Jomon foragers and Yayoi agriculturalists from prehistoric Japan

Metric traits of the crania and limb bones of medieval human skeletons from Kamakura City, Japan

Geographic variation in body form of prehistoric Jomon males in the Japanese archipelago: Its ecogeographic implications

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