Temporal compression in episodic memory for real-life events

Jeunehomme, Olivier; Folville, Adrien; Stawarczyk, David; Linden, Martial Van der; D’Argembeau, Arnaud

doi:10.1080/09658211.2017.1406120

Cited by 39 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Memories for real-life events are typically composed of a succession of moments or slices of prior experience that are organized in chronological order (S. J. Anderson & Conway, 1993;Jeunehomme et al, 2018;Radvansky et al, 2005). Cognitive and neural evidence indicates that these memory units are formed as a result of the segmentation of experience into discrete events and sub-events (for reviews, see Clewett et al, 2019;Radvansky & Zacks, 2017).…”

Section: Episodic Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Anderson et al, 2015; S. J. Anderson & Conway, 1993;Jeunehomme et al, 2018). These experience units are cohesive representations of elements (i.e., people, objects, locations, actions, emotions, and thoughts) that define particular moments or segments of experience (Jeunehomme & D'Argembeau, in press;Jeunehomme et al, 2018).…”

Section: Cognitive Architecture Underlying Mental Time Travelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Anderson & Conway, 1993;Jeunehomme et al, 2018). These experience units are cohesive representations of elements (i.e., people, objects, locations, actions, emotions, and thoughts) that define particular moments or segments of experience (Jeunehomme & D'Argembeau, in press;Jeunehomme et al, 2018). Event segments can be processed at multiple timescales but the units of event simulations may mainly correspond to spans of time in the order of seconds, and may be structured to represent psychologically meaningful changes in various dimensions of experience across time (e.g., changes in entities, contextual settings, goals, actions, and so forth; Clewett et al, 2019;Radvansky & Zacks, 2017).…”

Section: Cognitive Architecture Underlying Mental Time Travelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Zooming In and Out on One's Life: Autobiographical Representations at Multiple Time Scales

D’Argembeau

2020

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

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The ability to decouple from the present environment and explore other times is a central feature of the human mind. Research in cognitive psychology and neuroscience has shown that the personal past and future is represented at multiple timescales and levels of resolution, from broad lifetime periods that span years to short-time slices of experience that span seconds. Here, I review this evidence and propose a theoretical framework for understanding mental time travel as the capacity to flexibly navigate hierarchical layers of autobiographical representations. On this view, past and future thoughts rely on two main systems—event simulation and autobiographical knowledge—that allow us to represent experiential contents that are decoupled from sensory input and to place these on a personal timeline scaffolded from conceptual knowledge of the content and structure of our life. The neural basis of this cognitive architecture is discussed, emphasizing the possible role of the medial pFC in integrating layers of autobiographical representations in the service of mental time travel.

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Section: Episodic Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cognitive Architecture Underlying Mental Time Travelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cognitive Architecture Underlying Mental Time Travelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Zooming In and Out on One's Life: Autobiographical Representations at Multiple Time Scales

D’Argembeau

2020

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

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“…While autobiographical memory studies target life events that happened before the experiment, other types of studies induce and/or record real-life experiences during the experiment. For instance, participants may perform a series of planned activities while taking a walk following a specified route, and then verbally describe the details of the walk [40]. Portable devices such as smartphones or wearable cameras are often used to record these real-world experiences online, which in turn can be used as retrieval cues [41].…”

Section: Box 3: Real-life Experience As Narrativementioning

confidence: 99%

What can narratives tell us about the neural bases of human memory?

Lee

Bellana

Chen

2020

Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences

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Narratives are increasingly used to study naturalistic human memory and its brain mechanisms. Narratives-audiovisual movies, spoken stories, and written stories-consist of multiple interrelated and temporally unfolding events which are rich in semantic and emotional content. These characteristics drive intersubject neural synchrony in the default mode network, where abstract situation models are represented and reinstated. Medial temporal lobe structures interact with the cortical subregions of the default mode network to support the encoding and recall of narrative events. Narrative memories are frequently communicated across individuals, resulting in the transmission of experiences and neural activity patterns between people. Recent advances in neuroimaging and naturalistic stimulus analysis provide valuable insights into narrative memory and the human memory system in general. Highlights * Both encoding material and retrieval tasks can vary in terms of their narrative-ness. * Narratives drive inter-individual neural synchrony in the default mode network. * Continuous narratives are segmented and remembered as discrete events. * Narrative event representations are reactivated in the default mode network during recall. * Communication induces converging narrative memory and neural activity across people.

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“…Remembering an event typically takes less time than the initial experience, suggesting that the unfolding of prior experience is compacted in memory (Baldassano et al, 2017;Chen et al, 2017;Jeunehomme & d'Argembeau, 2019;Michelmann et al, 2019). While the exact nature of this compression mechanism remains to be investigated, previous studies suggest that memory compression occurs, at least in part, because of temporal discontinuities in the mental representation of the unfolding of events (Jeunehomme et al, 2018;Jeunehomme & D'Argembeau, 2019).…”

Section: The Temporal Compression Of Events In Episodic Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of age on the temporal compression of daily life events in episodic memory.

Folville¹,

Jeunehomme²,

Bastin³

et al. 2020

Psychology and Aging

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While age differences in episodic memory are well documented, the impact of age on the structure of memories for real-world events has not been investigated in detail. Recent research has shown that the continuous flow of information that constitutes daily life events is compressed in episodic memory, such that the time needed to mentally replay an event is shorter than the actual event duration. To examine whether this process of temporal compression of prior experience in episodic memory is affected by aging, we asked young and older adults to engage in a series of events that simulated daily life activities while their experience was automatically recorded using a wearable camera. Subsequently, participants were asked to mentally replay these events in as much detail as possible and then to verbally report recalled contents and to rate the subjective qualities of their memories. Results revealed that the rates of temporal compression of events during mental replay were similar in young and older adults. In both age groups, rates of temporal compression were predicted by the density of recalled moments of prior experience per unit of time of the actual event duration. Interestingly, however, the number of recalled moments predicted the subjective vividness of memories in young but not in older adults. Taken together, these results suggest that the process of temporal compression of events in episodic memory is unaffected by age but that the subjective experience of memory vividness becomes less tied to recalled moments that represent the unfolding of events.

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Temporal compression in episodic memory for real-life events

Cited by 39 publications

References 46 publications

Zooming In and Out on One's Life: Autobiographical Representations at Multiple Time Scales

Zooming In and Out on One's Life: Autobiographical Representations at Multiple Time Scales

What can narratives tell us about the neural bases of human memory?

The impact of age on the temporal compression of daily life events in episodic memory.

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