Temporal constraints on glacial valley cross-profile evolution: Two Thumb Range, central Southern Alps, New Zealand

Brook, Martin; Kirkbride, Martin P.; Brock, Benjamin

doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2007.02.036

Cited by 23 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Henriksen and Vorren, 1996;Riis, 1996;Elverhøi et al, 1998;Dahlgren et al, 2005), eastern Canada (Braun, 1989), and the British Isles (Clayton, 1996), show that glacial erosion has been the most important process in supplying material to the shelves of glaciated margins during the Quaternary. Finally, numerical simulations of the development of valley long-profiles (MacGregor et al, 2000;Anderson et al, 2006) and fluvial erosion rates (Pelletier, 2007), and geomorphological studies (Clayton, 1996;Brozovic et al, 1997;Hebdon et al, 1997;Shroder et al, 1999;Montgomery, 2002;Brook et al, 2006Brook et al, , 2008Mitchell and Montgomery, 2006) are all consistent with our assumption for northern Scandinavia that valley excavation by glacial erosion is a far more effective process than fluvial erosion.…”

Section: Approachsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Firstly, temporal patterns of erosion can be evaluated at the landform scale, such as by comparing glacial valley evolution with existing models for valley formation (e.g. Svensson, 1959;Graf, 1970;Shoemaker, 1986;Hirano and Aniya, 1988;Augustinus, 1992Augustinus, , 1995Harbor, 1992Harbor, , 1995Pattyn and Decleir, 1995;James, 1996;Hebdon et al, 1997;Kirkbride and Matthews, 1997;MacGregor et al, 2000;Li et al, 2001;Montgomery, 2002;Fabel et al, 2004;Anderson et al, 2006;Brook et al, 2006Brook et al, , 2008. Secondly, spatial patterns of erosion can be compared to mapped patterns of erosion for a specific region (in this study we compare results generated by the filtering technique with the pattern of erosion in a PDL test area of NW Scandinavia; Kleman and Stroeven, 1997;Fabel et al, 2002;Stroeven et al, 2002aStroeven et al, , 2002bStroeven et al, , 2006Li et al, 2005;.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Using a GIS filtering approach to replicate patterns of glacial erosion

Jansson

Stroeven

Alm

et al. 2010

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Jansson, K. N., Stroeven, A. P., Alm, G., Dahlgren, K. I. T., Glasser, N. F., Goodfellow, B. W. (2011). Using a GIS filtering approach to replicate patterns of glacial erosion. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 36, (3), 408-418.In order to extend our knowledge of glacial relief production in mountainous areas new methods are required for landscape reconstructions on a temporal resolution of a glacial cycle and a spatial resolution that includes the most important terrain components. A generic data set and a 50 m resolution digital elevation model over a study area in northern Sweden and Norway (the present day landscape data set) were employed to portray spatial patterns of erosion by reconstructing the landscape over successive cycles of glacial erosion. A maximum-value geographic information system (GIS) filtering technique using variable neighbourhoods was applied such that existing highpoints in the landscape were used as erosional anchor points for the reconstruction of past landscape topography. An inherent assumption, therefore, is that the highest surfaces have experienced insignificant down-wearing over the Quaternary. Over multiple reconstruction cycles, proceeding backwards in time, the highest summits increase in area, valleys become shallower, and the valley pattern becomes increasingly simplified as large valleys become in-filled from the sides. The sum of these changes reduces relief. The pattern of glacial erosion, which is to 60% correlated to slope angle and to 70% correlated to relative relief, is characterized by (i) an abrupt erosional boundary below preserved summit areas, (ii) enhanced erosion in narrow valleys, (iii) restricted erosion of smooth areas, independently of elevation, (iv) eradication of small-scale irregularities, (v) restricted erosion on isolated hills in low-relief terrain, and (vi) a valley widening independent of valley directions. The method outlined in this paper shows how basic GIS filtering techniques can mimic some of the observed patterns of glacial erosion and thereby help deduce the key controls on the processes that govern large-scale landscape evolution beneath ice sheets. Copyright (C) 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Peer reviewe

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Section: Approachsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using a GIS filtering approach to replicate patterns of glacial erosion

Jansson

Stroeven

Alm

et al. 2010

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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“…A space-for-time substitution approach has not been used in paraglacial slope studies but it has been used for the opposite purpose: to infer the length of time it takes glaciers to produce U-shaped valleys and cirque basins (Kirkbride and Matthews, 1997;Brook et al, 2006;Brook et al, 2008). The slope profiles were measured along valleys that had been glacially occupied for different cumulative lengths of time during multiple glaciations, and these relations were used to estimate a rate of profile development.…”

Section: Space-for-time Substitutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paraglacial rock-slope stability

2012

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“…A number of studies have contrasted glacially sculpted basins with purely fl uvial ones, but generally these have focused on the effects of the glaciers themselves rather than examining the postglacial fl uvial dynamics (Amerson et al, 2008;Whipple, 2002, 2006;Brook et al, 2008;Montgomery, 2002). The inverse approach has been taken in some cases, using streams in glaciated landscapes to examine reach-scale fl uvial geomorphology and stream structure and response (e.g., Hassan, 2006, 2007;Brocard et al, 2003;Herman and Braun, 2006;Mueller and Pitlick, 2005), with the latter authors also emphasizing the impact that glacial sculpting of a basin has on distribution of channel type within it.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processes, rates, and time scales of fluvial response in an ancient postglacial landscape of the northwest Indian Himalaya

Hobley

Sinclair

Cowie

2010

Geological Society of America Bulletin

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Both glacial and fl uvial processes are key elements in molding landscapes in high mountain environments-glaciers are highly effi cient erosional agents and producers of sediment but are restricted spatially, while rivers can transmit such signals through landscapes and fl ush this sediment out of mountain belts and into sedimentary basins. However, little research has focused on the manner in which these two agents of landscape change interact, especially on longer time scales. We analyze a suite of catchments that drain the previously glaciated Ladakh Batholith in the northwest Indian Himalaya; which preserve the oldest known moraine succession in this mountain chain. We describe and quantify the rates, processes, and time scales of postglacial recovery of the fl uvial system across a previously unstudied time interval of 10 5 -10 6 yr. We demonstrate that glacial modifi cation of the upper reaches of a catchment can have profound fi rst-order infl uence on the hydraulic scaling of the channel downstream, where increasing degree of glacial modifi cation systematically and nonlinearly elevates the channel concavities of downstream reaches above the expected value range of 0.3-0.6. We also demonstrate that the response time of these systems as they recover must exceed 500 k.y., which is longer than any previously reported estimate for recovery times from glaciations, but is comparable with estimates from many tectonically perturbed landscapes.

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Temporal constraints on glacial valley cross-profile evolution: Two Thumb Range, central Southern Alps, New Zealand

Cited by 23 publications

References 45 publications

Using a GIS filtering approach to replicate patterns of glacial erosion

Using a GIS filtering approach to replicate patterns of glacial erosion

Paraglacial rock-slope stability

Processes, rates, and time scales of fluvial response in an ancient postglacial landscape of the northwest Indian Himalaya

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