Temporal corridors of forces and moments, and injuries to pelvis-lumbar spine in vertical impact simulating underbody blast

Yoganandan, Narayan; Humm, John; Baisden, Jamie; Moore, James S.; Pintar, Frank A.; Wassick, Michael; Barnes, David R.; Loftis, Kathryn L.

doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2023.111490

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 41 publications

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“…A comprehensive analysis of the range of motion of the model in the sub-injurious range is an important first step in the validation of the model that may be used in crash analysis. However, it would be necessary to examine the model in conditions similar to those of a road accident, namely high strain rates, compression force, and moments ( Minster, Lafon & Beillas, 2023 ; Yoganandan et al, 2023 ; Tushak et al, 2022 ; Tushak et al, 2023 ). The current validation set is not sufficient to fully evaluate the model’s ability to accurately predict the outcomes of a car crash.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and validation of lumbar spine finite element model

Wiczenbach

Pachocki

Daszkiewicz

et al. 2023

PeerJ

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The functional biomechanics of the lumbar spine have been better understood by finite element method (FEM) simulations. However, there are still areas where the behavior of soft tissues can be better modeled or described in a different way. The purpose of this research is to develop and validate a lumbar spine section intended for biomechanical research. A FE model of the 50th percentile adult male (AM) Total Human Model for Safety (THUMS) v6.1 was used to implement the modifications. The main modifications were to apply orthotropic material properties and nonlinear stress-strain behavior for ligaments, hyperelastic material properties for annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus, and the specific content of collagenous fibers in the annulus fibrosus ground substance. Additionally, a separation of the nucleus pulposus from surrounding bones and tissues was implemented. The FE model was subjected to different loading modes, in which intervertebral rotations and disc pressures were calculated. Loading modes contained different forces and moments acting on the lumbar section: axial forces (compression and tension), shear forces, pure moments, and combined loading modes of axial forces and pure moments. The obtained ranges of motion from the modified numerical model agreed with experimental data for all loading modes. Moreover, intradiscal pressure validation for the modified model presented a good agreement with the data available from the literature. This study demonstrated the modifications of the THUMS v6.1 model and validated the obtained numerical results with existing literature in the sub-injurious range. By applying the proposed changes, it is possible to better model the behavior of the human lumbar section under various loads and moments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and validation of lumbar spine finite element model

Wiczenbach

Pachocki

Daszkiewicz

et al. 2023

PeerJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Lumbar Spine Orientation Affects Compressive Fracture Outcome

Cutlan,

Khokhar,

Shammout

et al. 2024

Ann Biomed Eng

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Purpose Understanding how spinal orientation affects injury outcome is essential to understand lumbar injury biomechanics associated with high-rate vertical loading. Methods Whole-column human lumbar spines (T12–L5) were dynamically loaded using a drop tower to simulate peak axial forces associated with high-speed aircraft ejections and helicopter crashes. Spines were allowed to maintain natural lordotic curvature for loading, resulting in a range of orientations. Pre-test X-rays were used to quantify specimen orientation at the time of loading. Primary fracture types were identified (wedge, n = 6; burst, n = 4; hyperextension, n = 4) and compared for loading parameters and lumbar orientation. Results Fracture type was dependent on peak acceleration, bending moment, Cobb angle, sagittal spinal tilt, and location of the applied load. Conclusions Lumbar spine orientation under high-rate axial acceleration affected the resulting fracture type. Analysis of pre-test X-rays revealed that spines that sustained wedge and burst fractures were oriented straighter at the time of loading. The load was applied centrally to T12 in spines with burst fractures, and anteriorly to T12 in spines with wedge fractures. Spines that sustained hyperextension fracture had lower peak accelerations, larger Cobb angles at the time of loading, and sustained larger extension moments. Fracture presentation is an important and understudied factor that influences biomechanical stability, clinical course, and long-term patient outcomes.

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Landmine Injury Resulting in Comminuted Lumbar Facet Fracture as a Cause of Lumbar Stenosis and Spondylolisthesis

Chen,

Mooney,

Rachlin

2023

Military Medicine

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Lumbar facet fractures are rarely reported and have been linked to sports and spine surgery. We describe the case of a 77-year-old patient who sustained an injury from multiple landmine blasts during the Vietnam War. He had low back pain since that time, which was initially managed conservatively. However, the pain progressed over decades to severe neurogenic claudication that greatly restricted his quality of life. Neuroimaging revealed the presence of bone fragments impinging on the spinal canal at the L5/6 level (transitional anatomy) that resulted from a comminuted fracture of the lumbar facet at the inferior articular process. We performed an L5/6 decompressive laminectomy, with removal of these fragments, and posterior instrumented fusion, with substantial improvement in symptoms. This case illustrates a unique mechanism of lumbar facet fracture and the biomechanic origination, natural history, and optimal treatment of this entity. We expand on the spectrum of lumbosacral injuries associated with the combat blast injury that have only increased in prevalence in recent conflicts.

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Temporal corridors of forces and moments, and injuries to pelvis-lumbar spine in vertical impact simulating underbody blast

Cited by 5 publications

References 41 publications

Development and validation of lumbar spine finite element model

Development and validation of lumbar spine finite element model

Lumbar Spine Orientation Affects Compressive Fracture Outcome

Landmine Injury Resulting in Comminuted Lumbar Facet Fracture as a Cause of Lumbar Stenosis and Spondylolisthesis

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