Temporal dynamics and biocontrol potential of a hyperparasite on coffee leaf rust across a landscape in Arabica coffee’s native range

Zewdie, Beyene; Tack, Ayco J. M.; Ayalew, Biruk; Adugna, Girma; Nemomissa, Sileshi; Hylander, Kristoffer

doi:10.1016/j.agee.2021.107297

Cited by 32 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…This can be achieved by strict protection of the forest sites with little or no management, while the management is intensified in the other sites to close the yield gap. Besides biodiversity values such as the diversity of animals (Berecha et al, 2014; Samnegård et al, 2014), plants (Schmitt et al, 2010) and beneficial micro‐organisms (Zewdie et al, 2021), these forests also harbour highly valued wild coffee genetic resources (Aerts et al, 2013). Also, from this perspective, the land‐sparing approach should be advocated, whereby the intact forest areas would need a more strict protection for in situ conservation of coffee genetic resources (Aerts et al, 2015), while the other parts of the landscape perhaps can be more intensively managed to improve livelihoods.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant biodiversity declines with increasing coffee yield in Ethiopia's coffee agroforests

Zewdie

Tack

Ayalew

et al. 2022

Journal of Applied Ecology

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1. Tropical agroforestry systems provide farmers with resources for their livelihoods, but are also well-recognized as refuges for biodiversity. However, the relationship between yield and biodiversity might be negative in these systems, reflecting a potential trade-off between managing for increased yield or biodiversity. The potential for synergies will depend partly on the shape of the biodiversity-yield relationship, where a concave relationship suggests a faster decline in biodiversity with increasing yields than a linear or convex shape.2. We studied the relationship between biodiversity (plant species richness and composition) and coffee yield along a gradient of management in south-western Ethiopia, coffee's native range. We inventoried species richness and community composition of woody plants, herbaceous plants and bryophytes at 60 sites. We also measured coffee management-related variables and assessed coffee yield for 3 consecutive years at each site.3. Species richness of woody plants had a concave relationship with coffee yield, that is, tree richness declined fast initially before levelling out at higher yields, whereas there was no relationship between coffee yield and species richness of herbaceous plants or bryophytes. Species composition of woody plants, herbaceous plants and bryophytes all had a concave relationship with coffee yield. 4. From a methodological perspective, we found that multi-year data on yield were necessary to reliably assess the relationship between biodiversity and yield, and that the number of coffee shrubs or coffee dominance were poor proxies for yield when trying to capture the biodiversity-yield relationship. Synthesis and applications.The concave relationship between biodiversity components (species richness and composition) and yield suggests that there is a strong conflict between the goals of increasing production and conserving biodiversity. However, it is important to recognize that this pattern is largely driven by the very low-yielding sites in natural forests. Here, even minor intensification of coffee management seems to rapidly erode biodiversity. Along the rest of | 1199

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant biodiversity declines with increasing coffee yield in Ethiopia's coffee agroforests

Zewdie

Tack

Ayalew

et al. 2022

Journal of Applied Ecology

Self Cite

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“…This could provide a good test of our model. Overall, it is not surprising to find that the effect of hyperparasites is not consistent across space and time, as these interactions may be strongly mediated by the local environment (Zewdie et al 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Evolutionary Dynamics of Hyperparasites

Northrup

Parratt

Rozins

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Evolutionary theory has typically focused on pairwise interactions, such as those between hosts and parasites, with relatively little work on more complex interactions including hyperparasites: parasites of parasites. Hyperparasites are common in nature, with the chestnut blight fungus virus CHV-1 a well-known natural example, but also notably include the phages of important human bacterial diseases. Theory on hyperparasitism has mostly focused on their impact on the evolution of virulence of their parasite host and relatively little is known about evolutionary trajectories of hyperparasites themselves. Our general modeling framework highlights the central role the that ability of a hyperparasite to be transmitted with its parasite plays in their evolution. Hyperparasites which transmit with their parasite hosts (hitchhike) will be selected for lower virulence, trending towards hypermutualism or hypercommensalism and select against causing a reduction in parasite virulence (hypovirulence). We examine the impact on the evolution of hyperparasite systems a of a wide range of host and parasite traits showing, for example, that high parasite virulence selects for higher hyperparasite virulence feeding back into selection for hypovirulence in the parasite. Our results have implications for hyperparasite research, both as biocontrol agents and for understanding of how hyperparasites shape community ecology and evolution.

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“…In turn, populations of L. lecanii increase and contribute to regulating H. vastatrix (Jackson et al 2012). This complex web, however, does not appear to be consistent across regions, because it has not been identified in other coffee-producing regions, including Puerto Rico (Hajian-Forooshani et al 2016) and Ethiopia (Zewdie et al 2021).…”

Section: Sporulationmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Shade cover and the resulting decrease in solar radiation indirectly affect the infection process by reducing leaf receptivity to H. vastatrix via leaf physiological changes and a reduction in the coffee plant fruiting load (Eskes and de Souza 1981). This variability is reflected in studies assessing plant-level coffee leaf rust incidence in Central America, which is often higher under trees compared with unshaded monocultures (López-Bravo et al 2012;Staver et al 2001), but can also decrease as the number of tree strata (Soto-Pinto et al 2002) and shade cover increases (Gagliardi et al 2021;Zewdie et al 2021). These trends are further complicated by a location's altitude (Liebig et al 2019) and geographic location, because trees interact with regional climate dynamics in unique ways.…”

Section: Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tree Effects on Coffee Leaf Rust at Field and Landscape Scales

et al. 2023

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While integrating trees into agricultural systems (i.e., agroforestry systems) provides many valuable ecosystem services, they can also interact with plant diseases. We demonstrate that a detailed understanding of how plant diseases interact with trees in agroforestry systems is necessary to identify key tree canopy characteristics, leaf traits, spatial arrangements, and management options that can help control plant diseases at different spatial scales. We focus our analysis on how trees affect coffee leaf rust, a major disease impacting one of the world’s most significant crop commodities. We show that trees can both promote and discourage the development of coffee leaf rust at the plot scale via microclimate modifications in the understory. Based on our understanding of the role of tree characteristics in shaping the microclimate, we identify several canopy characteristics and leaf traits that can help manage coffee leaf rust at the plot scale: namely, thin canopies with high openness, short base height, horizontal branching, and small, dentate leaves. In contrast, at the edge of coffee farms, having large trees with high canopy volume and small, thick, waxy leaves is more useful to reduce throughflow wind speeds and intercept the airborne dispersal of urediniospores, an important consideration to control disease at the landscape scale. Seasonal pruning can help shape trees into the desired form, and trees can be spatially arranged to optimize desired effects. This case study demonstrates the added value of combining process-based epidemiology studies with functional trait ecology to improve disease management in agroforestry systems.

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Temporal dynamics and biocontrol potential of a hyperparasite on coffee leaf rust across a landscape in Arabica coffee’s native range

Cited by 32 publications

References 56 publications

Plant biodiversity declines with increasing coffee yield in Ethiopia's coffee agroforests

Plant biodiversity declines with increasing coffee yield in Ethiopia's coffee agroforests

The Evolutionary Dynamics of Hyperparasites

Tree Effects on Coffee Leaf Rust at Field and Landscape Scales

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