Temporal dynamics and longitudinal co-occurrence of depression and different anxiety syndromes in youth: Evidence for reciprocal patterns in a 3-year prospective study

Long, Erin E.; Young, Jami F.; Hankin, Benjamin L.

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2018.02.074

Cited by 33 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…This association has been previously described both in the general population [ 39 ], as well as in college students [ 11 ]. In fact, Long et al [ 40 ] suggest that there is a bidirectional, systematic pattern between the development of depressive and anxious syndromes in young adults. In addition, previous studies [ 41 , 42 , 43 ] have identified similarities in the neurobiology and genetic structure of depression and anxiety.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Prevalence of Depression, Anxiety and Stress and Their Associated Factors in College Students

Ramón-Arbués

Gea-Caballero

Granada-López

et al. 2020

IJERPH

351

178

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Aim: To estimate the prevalence of symptoms of depression, anxiety, stress and associated factors in a population of college students. Method: Cross-sectional study of psychological distress measured through the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) in a sample of 1074 college students. Results: We found a moderate prevalence of depression (18.4%), anxiety (23.6%) and stress (34.5%) symptoms in our study population. Being <21, having problematic Internet use behavior, smoking, presenting insomnia and having a low self-esteem were independently associated with symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress. Being a woman, living with their family, having a stable partner, consuming alcohol frequently and having poor nutritional habits were significantly associated with symptoms of stress; lacking a stable partner was significantly associated with depressive symptoms; and frequent consumption of alcohol was significantly associated with symptoms of anxiety. Conclusion: We found a moderate prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress symptoms in our population. Interventions aimed at promoting mental health among college students should be implemented.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Prevalence of Depression, Anxiety and Stress and Their Associated Factors in College Students

Ramón-Arbués

Gea-Caballero

Granada-López

et al. 2020

IJERPH

351

178

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Despite evidence to support both theories among adults, fewer studies have focussed on adolescents. In the extant literature, researchers have found support for the prodromal model (Cohen et al ., 2018), the bidirectional model (McLaughlin and King, 2014; Long et al ., 2018) and only homotypic pathways (e.g. depression predicts depression; Keenan et al ., 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of childhood generalized anxiety in the internalizing cluster

Lee

Vaillancourt

2019

Psychol. Med.

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Background Anxiety, depression and somatization (the internalizing cluster) are highly comorbid, prevalent and associated with significant individual and societal costs. Although prior studies have examined their natural course, there has been a little investigation into how symptoms unfold at the individual level. We examined the intraindividual (within-person) temporal patterning of symptom development and the impact of risk factors (sex, ethnicity, socioeconomic indicators, bullying victimization, child maltreatment) on symptom means and trajectories (between-person), comparing youth and parent reports. Method Over a 7-year interval from age 11 to 17, children (n = 669; 54% girls; 79% White) and parents (89% mothers) reported on symptoms of anxiety and depression from age 11 and somatization from age 13. Autoregressive latent trajectory models with structured residuals were used to uncouple within- and between-person sources of variance. Results According to self-reports, generalized anxiety consistently predicted depression, while anxiety and depression consistently predicted somatization. Anxiety also had an indirect effect on somatization via depression. According to parent reports, there were several bidirectional effects between anxiety and depression and between depression and somatization. Experiences of abuse were consistent risk factors for self-reported internalizing symptoms, and across informants, girls had higher symptom means and rising trajectories compared to boys. Conclusion Generalized anxiety plays an important role in adolescent depressive and somatic symptoms. Primary prevention of anxiety may be warranted to curb symptom continuity and the development of comorbidity. Research is needed to determine whether self-reports of anxiety should be prioritized over parent reports and continued efforts are needed to reduce bullying and child maltreatment.

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“…To determine if coexistence of symptoms of anxiety and symptoms of depression would have a cumulative effect on negative attitude toward teachers and school, and poorer peer relations, we entered the two predictors into a hierarchical regression model in two steps for each of the three outcomes (Table ). To decide which predictor to be entered first, we were guided by the suggestion that anxiety‐depression coexistence commonly happen sequentially with anxiety preceding depression (Long, Young, & Hankin, ). Therefore, we first entered anxiety into the regression (Step 1) and then entered depression (Step 2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As such, symptoms of depression statistically absorb the variance of symptoms of anxiety in predicting the outcome variables. Psychosocially, because students' school experiences encompass an affective component (Marjoribanks, 1992) and the coexistence tend to happen sequentially with anxiety preceding depression (Long et al, 2018), we speculate that the emergence of symptoms of depression signifies the further worsening of emotional wellbeing, which likely would lead to more impairment in-school experiences. Cognitively, symptoms of anxiety and depression can distort one's perception of themselves and their environment (Everaert, Duyck, & Koster, 2014;Eysenck, 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Youth's school experience: Testing the role of symptoms of anxiety and co‐occurring symptoms of depression

2019

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Although symptoms of anxiety often coexist with symptoms of depression, little is known on how such coexistence affects youth's school experiences. Objectives: We tested how the two types of behaviors, when coexisting, were associated with youth's negative attitude toward teachers, school, and poor peer relations. Method: Data were collected from 203 ethnically and socioeconomically diverse youth (male: 24.6%; mean = 15.8 years, standard deviation = 2.4) with the 3rd edition of the Behavioral Assessment for Children: Self‐Report of Personality. Results: Scores for symptoms of depression alone explained negative attitude toward teachers (β = .28; R2 = 17.88%), negative attitude toward school (β = .27; R2 = 14.74%), and poor peer relations (β = .42; R2 = 44.60%) as effectively as scores for both types of behaviors did. Conclusion: The coexistence of symptoms of anxiety and depression did not appear to impair youth's attitude toward teachers, school and peer relations more than symptoms of depression did alone.

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Temporal dynamics and longitudinal co-occurrence of depression and different anxiety syndromes in youth: Evidence for reciprocal patterns in a 3-year prospective study

Cited by 33 publications

References 72 publications

The Prevalence of Depression, Anxiety and Stress and Their Associated Factors in College Students

The Prevalence of Depression, Anxiety and Stress and Their Associated Factors in College Students

The role of childhood generalized anxiety in the internalizing cluster

Youth's school experience: Testing the role of symptoms of anxiety and co‐occurring symptoms of depression

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