Temporal Dynamics of Graded Synaptic Transmission in the Lobster Stomatogastric Ganglion

Manor, Yair; Nadim, Farzan; Abbott, L. F.; Marder, Eve

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.17-14-05610.1997

Cited by 98 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Previous studies have shown the usefulness of single, long, square pulses in the study of graded synaptic transmission in the STNS (Maynard and Selverston, 1975;Graubard, 1978;Johnson and HarrisWarrick, 1990;Manor et al, 1997). Figure 2 A shows simultaneous responses of the LP (middle trace) and PY (bottom trace) neurons to a 2 s presynaptic square pulse in both PD neurons from Ϫ60 to Ϫ20 mV (top trace) in TTX saline.…”

Section: Comparison Of the Dynamics Of The Ipsps From The Pacemaker Umentioning

confidence: 87%

“…All synapses in the pyloric network exhibit short-term synaptic dynamics (Hartline and Graubard, 1992;Manor et al, 1997;Mamiya et al, 2003;Mamiya and Nadim, 2004). To characterize the short-term dynamics of the synapses from the pacemaker ensemble to the LP and PY neurons, we activated the synapses with multiple square pulses (500 ms duration) of different interpulse intervals (IPI, 250 -8000 ms) (Fig.…”

Section: Comparison Of the Dynamics Of The Ipsps From The Pacemaker Umentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3A, horizontal arrow). Figure 3B quantifies the extent of synaptic depression as the ratio of the fifth IPSP peak amplitude to the first plotted versus IPI (Manor et al, 1997;Mamiya et al, 2003). The LP and .…”

Section: Comparison Of the Dynamics Of The Ipsps From The Pacemaker Umentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it has been shown that the amplitude and time course of PSPs are dependent on both the shape of the presynaptic depolarizations and their frequency (Olsen and Calabrese, 1996;Manor et al, 1997;Simmons, 2002;Mamiya and Nadim, 2004). To examine the effect of presynaptic frequency and waveform shape on the synapses from the pacemaker ensemble to the LP and PY neurons, we voltage clamped the presynaptic neurons using two different prerecorded realistic waveforms.…”

Section: Comparison Of the Dynamics Of The Ipsps From The Pacemaker Umentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synaptic Dynamics Do Not Determine Proper Phase of Activity in a Central Pattern Generator

Rabbah¹,

Nadim²

2005

J. Neurosci.

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Rhythmic motor activity often requires neuronal output to the muscles to arrive in a particular sequence. At the pattern-generator level, this requires distinct activity phases in different groups of constituent neurons. The phase differences between rhythmically active neurons in a network are thought to arise from the interplay between their intrinsic properties and the temporal dynamics of synapses among these neurons. In the rhythmically active pyloric network of the lobster Panulirus interruptus, synaptic connections from the pacemaker ensemble to the follower neurons [lateral pyloric (LP) and pyloric constrictor (PY)] are thought to be primarily responsible for the proper phase of activity (pacemaker-LP-PY) across all frequencies (0.5-2 Hz) of the pyloric rhythm. We test this hypothesis by characterizing the synapses from the pacemaker ensemble to the LP and PY neurons. Paired comparisons show that these two synapses are not significantly different in strength or in the extent of short-term depression. To examine the level to which intrinsic properties of the follower neurons determine their relative activity phase, we block all chemical synapses within the network and drive the LP and PY neurons rhythmically using artificial synaptic currents with identical strength and dynamics implemented with the dynamic-clamp technique. In response to these identical synaptic inputs, the LP and PY neurons maintain the proper relative phase of activity. These results strongly indicate that the relative phase of activity among these follower neurons within the pyloric network is not dictated by their synaptic inputs but is solely determined by their distinct intrinsic properties.

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Section: Comparison Of the Dynamics Of The Ipsps From The Pacemaker Umentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Comparison Of the Dynamics Of The Ipsps From The Pacemaker Umentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Comparison Of the Dynamics Of The Ipsps From The Pacemaker Umentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Comparison Of the Dynamics Of The Ipsps From The Pacemaker Umentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Synaptic Dynamics Do Not Determine Proper Phase of Activity in a Central Pattern Generator

Rabbah¹,

Nadim²

2005

J. Neurosci.

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“…Although at neuromuscular junctions several hundred quanta are released for each presynaptic spike (del C astillo and Katz, 1954;Boyd and Martin, 1956;Johnson and Wernig, 1971), in C NSs the number of quanta released per spike is often so small that postsynaptic potential amplitude varies considerably (Kuno, 1964;Korn et al, 1982;Laurent and Sivaramakrishnan, 1992;Gulyás et al, 1993). Transfer curves for a number of synapses that convey graded potential have been plotted (Burrows and Siegler, 1978;Blight and Llinás, 1980;Angstadt and Calabrese, 1991;Manor et al, 1997) but without measurements of variability in postsynaptic potential amplitude.…”

Section: Abstract: Synapse; Resolution; Noise; Locust; Ocellus; Tranmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Performance of Synapses That Convey Discrete Graded Potentials in an Insect Visual Pathway

Simmons

1999

J. Neurosci.

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Synapses from nonspiking neurons transmit small graded changes in potential, but variability in their postsynaptic potential amplitudes has not been extensively studied. At synapses where the presynaptic signal is an all-or-none spike, the probabilistic manner of neurotransmitter release causes variation in the amplitudes of postsynaptic potentials. I have measured the reliability of the operation of synapses that convey small graded potentials between pairs of identified large, second-order neurons in the locust ocellar system. IPSPs are mediated by small rebound spikes, which are graded in amplitude, in the presynaptic neuron. A transfer curve plotting amplitudes of spikes against amplitudes of IPSPs has a characteristic S shape with a linear central portion where IPSP amplitude is between Ϫ0.2 and Ϫ0.6 as large as spike amplitude but shows appreciable scatter. Approximately half of the scatter is attributable to background noise, most of which originates in photoreceptors and persists in darkness. The remaining noise is intrinsic to the synapse itself and is usually 0.3-0.7 mV in amplitude. It limits the resolution with which two spike amplitudes can be distinguished from one another to ϳ2 mV and, because the linear part of the transfer curve occupies ϳ10 mV in spike amplitudes, limits the number of discrete signal levels that can be conveyed across the synapse to approximately five. The amplitude of the noise is constant throughout the synaptic operating range, which means it is unlikely that presynaptic membrane potential controls transmitter release by setting a single probability level for quantal release.

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Cellular basis for singing motor pattern generation in the field cricket (Gryllus bimaculatus DeGeer)

Schöneich

Hedwig

2012

Brain and Behavior

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The singing behavior of male crickets allows analyzing a central pattern generator (CPG) that was shaped by sexual selection for reliable production of species-specific communication signals. After localizing the essential ganglia for singing in Gryllus bimaculatus, we now studied the calling song CPG at the cellular level. Fictive singing was initiated by pharmacological brain stimulation. The motor pattern underlying syllables and chirps was recorded as alternating spike bursts of wing-opener and wing-closer motoneurons in a truncated wing nerve; it precisely reflected the natural calling song. During fictive singing, we intracellularly recorded and stained interneurons in thoracic and abdominal ganglia and tested their impact on the song pattern by intracellular current injections. We identified three interneurons of the metathoracic and first unfused abdominal ganglion that rhythmically de- and hyperpolarized in phase with the syllable pattern and spiked strictly before the wing-opener motoneurons. Depolarizing current injection in two of these opener interneurons caused additional rhythmic singing activity, which reliably reset the ongoing chirp rhythm. The closely intermeshing arborizations of the singing interneurons revealed the dorsal midline neuropiles of the metathoracic and three most anterior abdominal neuromeres as the anatomical location of singing pattern generation. In the same neuropiles, we also recorded several closer interneurons that rhythmically hyper- and depolarized in the syllable rhythm and spiked strictly before the wing-closer motoneurons. Some of them received pronounced inhibition at the beginning of each chirp. Hyperpolarizing current injection in the dendrite revealed postinhibitory rebound depolarization as one functional mechanism of central pattern generation in singing crickets.

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Temporal Dynamics of Graded Synaptic Transmission in the Lobster Stomatogastric Ganglion

Cited by 98 publications

References 39 publications

Synaptic Dynamics Do Not Determine Proper Phase of Activity in a Central Pattern Generator

Synaptic Dynamics Do Not Determine Proper Phase of Activity in a Central Pattern Generator

The Performance of Synapses That Convey Discrete Graded Potentials in an Insect Visual Pathway

Cellular basis for singing motor pattern generation in the field cricket (Gryllus bimaculatus DeGeer)

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