Temporal dynamics of nutrient balance, plasma biochemical and immune traits, and liver function in transition dairy cows

Sun, Benhua; Cao, Yangchun; Cai, Chuanjiang; Yu, Chao; Li, Shengxiang; Yao, Junhu

doi:10.1016/s2095-3119(20)63153-7

Cited by 12 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…The sudden energy requirement for milk production and the DMI lags behind, inducing the negative nutrient balance, especially the NEB. The NEB symptoms appear in postpartum, but the dynamic changes of the physiological and metabolic status are verified from the prepartum period [12]. Responding to the NEB, the cow physiologically triggers the lipomobilization of body fat reserves, thereby amounts of NEFA are released into the blood circulation [12].…”

Section: The Formation Of Neb In Dairy Cowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The NEB symptoms appear in postpartum, but the dynamic changes of the physiological and metabolic status are verified from the prepartum period [12]. Responding to the NEB, the cow physiologically triggers the lipomobilization of body fat reserves, thereby amounts of NEFA are released into the blood circulation [12]. The NEFA are used as a fuel source by muscle, incorporated into milk fat, and taken up by the liver in proportion to their supply [13].…”

Section: The Formation Of Neb In Dairy Cowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fatty liver develops when the hepatic uptake of lipids exceeds the oxidation and secretion of lipids by the liver and thereby causes accumulation of triacylglycerol (TAG) in the liver [21]. The severe fatty liver causes metabolic dysfunction, which will reduce the hepatic metabolism, defense function, and insulin sensitivity [12]. The results of Fiore et al [22] showed that fatty liver already developed before parturition, and increased from moderate to severe in 10 days after calving and then progressively disappeared.…”

Section: Increasing the Incidence Of Metabolic Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Juchem et al [64] pointed out that prepartum PG administration increased concentrations of glucose and insulin, and decreased BHBA and NEFA in plasma. It has been validated that the dairy cows suffered deficiency of energy before calving, so the nutritional strategies should be implemented at the start of the prepartum period [12]. The supplement of PG to dairy cows before calving is effective in inhibiting the occurrence of cow ketosis.…”

Section: The Effect Of Pg On Metabolic Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although PG can prevent ketosis, large doses (>500 g/d) have toxic and side effects on dairy cows due to the toxic compounds of PG during metabolism processes [12]. The clinical signs of PG in toxic doses include depression, ataxia, and excessive salivation as well as abnormal, malodorous, and foul breath and feces in dairy cows [76].…”

Section: The Toxicity and Side Effects Of Pgmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Propylene Glycol on Negative Energy Balance of Postpartum Dairy Cows

Zhang

Nan

Wang

et al. 2020

Animals

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With the improvement in the intense genetic selection of dairy cows, advanced management strategies, and improved feed quality and disease control, milk production level has been greatly improved. However, the negative energy balance (NEB) is increasingly serious at the postpartum stage because the intake of nutrients cannot meet the demand of quickly improved milk production. The NEB leads to a large amount of body fat mobilization and consequently the elevated production of ketones, which causes metabolic diseases such as ketosis and fatty liver. The high milk production of dairy cows in early lactation aggravates NEB. The metabolic diseases lead to metabolic disorders, a decrease in reproductive performance, and lactation performance decline, seriously affecting the health and production of cows. Propylene glycol (PG) can alleviate NEB through gluconeogenesis and inhibit the synthesis of ketone bodies. In addition, PG improves milk yield, reproduction, and immune performance by improving plasma glucose and liver function in ketosis cows, and reduces milk fat percentage. However, a large dose of PG (above 500 g/d) has toxic and side effects in cows. The feeding method used was an oral drench. The combination of PG with some other additives can improve the effects in preventing ketosis. Overall, the present review summarizes the recent research progress in the impacts of NEB in dairy cows and the properties of PG in alleviating NEB and reducing the risk of ketosis.

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Section: The Formation Of Neb In Dairy Cowsmentioning

confidence: 99%