Temporal epilepsy seizures monitoring and prediction using cross‐correlation and chaos theory

Abstract

Temporal seizures due to hippocampal origins are very common among epileptic patients. Presented is a novel seizure prediction approach employing correlation and chaos theories. The early identification of seizure signature allows for various preventive measures to be undertaken. Electro-encephalography signals are spectrally broken down into the following sub-bands: delta; theta; alpha; beta; and gamma. The proposed approach consists of observing a high correlation level between any pair of electrodes for the lower frequencies and a decrease in the Lyapunov index (chaos or entropy) for the higher frequencies. Power spectral density and statistical analysis tools were used to determine threshold levels for the lower frequencies. After studying all five sub-bands, the analysis has revealed that the seizure signature can be extracted from the delta band and the high frequencies. High frequencies are defined as both the gamma band and the ripples occurring within the 60-120 Hz sub-band. To validate the proposed approach, six patients from both sexes and various age groups with temporal epilepsies originating from the hippocampal area were studied using the Freiburg database. An average seizure prediction of 30 min, an anticipation accuracy of 72%, and a false-positive rate of 0% were accomplished throughout 200 h of recording time.

Modeling Genetic Epileptic Encephalopathies using Brain Organoids

“…By utilizing genetic and epigenetic editing tools along with electrophysiology, we observed hyper-excitability in both WWOX CRISPR-edited COs and patient-derived FOs, therefore successfully demonstrating epileptiform activity. Organoid slices were particularly active in the lower frequency ranges – an attribute generally characteristic of seizure-like activity (Haddad et al ., 2014). We then further examined the cellular and molecular changes highlighting possible mechanisms for the disease pathophysiology.…”

EEG-Brain Activity Monitoring and Predictive Analysis of Signals Using Artificial Neural Networks

“…Some scientific papers report the values around 100–600 Hz for gamma waves—that is, not associated with IEDs, but occurring during epileptic seizures [ 54 , 55 ]. However, other researchers [ 54 , 56 ] reported the fluctuation of gamma wave values.…”

WWOX-Related Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Models and Future Perspectives

“…Local field potential (LFP) recordings in both live animals and brain slices demonstrated large amplitude bursting activity in S-KO, which was not present in the control, was localized to the superficial layer of the neocortex and was attributed to hyper-excitability of the neocortical circuitry. Spectral power analysis showed increased power across many frequencies, such as the delta (<5 Hz) and theta (5-9 Hz) rhythms, which have been implicated in epilepsy [61][62][63][64]. Another important finding was delayed signal conductance when stimulating in the CC and recording from neocortical layer V, which could be a result of hypomyelination.…”