Temporal expectancy modulates inhibition of return in a discrimination task

Gabay, Shai; Henik, Avishai

doi:10.3758/pbr.17.1.47

Cited by 36 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…This finding is similar to a more recent paper, in which Gabay and Henik (2010) found that temporal predictiveness modulated IOR in a target discrimination task. To explain this result, Gabay and Henik (2010) suggested that predictiveness influences the speed of cue processing or exogenous orienting in the face of increased task complexity. The same may be true here, given that our multiple-cueing paradigm is also likely more complex than a simple detection task in a standard single-cue study (e.g., greater need for cognitive control).…”

Section: Comparisons Across Trial Typessupporting

confidence: 92%

Inhibitory interaction: the effects of multiple non-predictive visual cues

Visser

Barnes

2010

Psychological Research

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When the interval between a non-predictive cue and a target appearing at the same spatial location is longer than about 200 ms, target performance is typically poorer than when the cue and target appear at different locations. Recent studies have shown that this effect, known as inhibition of return (IOR), can occur at multiple cued locations, and is enhanced when multiple cues are presented at the same spatial location. However, little is known about how the magnitude of IOR at one spatial location is influenced by a subsequent or preceding cue presented at a different spatial location. We investigated this issue by presenting single or multiple cues at varying inter-cue intervals prior to target onset. Results suggest that the magnitude of IOR at a given location is influenced by the presentation of a preceding cue, but that once IOR occurs, it is unaffected by the presentation of a subsequent cue.

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Section: Comparisons Across Trial Typessupporting

confidence: 92%

Inhibitory interaction: the effects of multiple non-predictive visual cues

Visser

Barnes

2010

Psychological Research

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“…The thickening of the frame of one box for 150 ms served as cue whereby the width of the thickening manipulated the cue luminance. The large luminance increase was a change from 0.058 to 0.28 frame size and a change from 0.058 to 0.18 implemented the small luminance increase cue (see Gabay & Henik, 2010, for a similar realization of spatial cueing).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

A biased-competition approach to spatial cueing: Combining empirical studies and computational modelling

2012

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We examined the effects of cue luminance on visual orienting. Experiment 1 established that the commonly-found early facilitation and late inhibition of return (IOR) effects were independent of cue luminance with single cues in terms of their amplitude, although IOR was delayed in the low compared to the high luminance cue condition. In contrast, Experiment 2 revealed that, with dual cues of mixed luminance, both facilitation and IOR effects were found only with bright cues. When cues had equal luminance, however, there were cueing effects for two cued locations but only when the cues were bright. The data were accommodated in a neural network model of biased competition in which cueing effects emerge at more than one location provided input activation is sufficient to overcome competitive damping of the selection system.In the classical spatial cueing paradigm (Posner, 1980), participants see a briefly presented noninformative spatial cue either on the left or the right of fixation. This cue is then followed by a target stimulus either at the cued location or on the opposite side of space. Typically, when there are relatively

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“…Klein (2000) suggested that in a more difficult task (discrimination), participants allocate more attention to all stimuli (target and cue), and the longer focus of attention at the cued location delays the appearance of IOR. Finally, Gabay and Henik (2010) suggested that the different activity modes of the LC-NE system are used for different attentional tasks. Accordingly, in this study, we demonstrated that in more demanding tasks (discrimination), the LC-NE system is activated in a phasic mode, and in easier tasks (localization/ detection), the LC-NE system is activated in a tonic mode.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As was mentioned earlier, the onset of IOR appears later in discrimination tasks than in detection tasks. Gabay and Henik (2010) suggested that different modes of activity of the LC-NE system are employed during these different attentional tasks. Specifically, during a demanding discrimination task, the LC-NE system functions in a phasic mode, since more resources are required in order to process the target and no resources are spared to process irrelevant information.…”

Section: Involvement Of the Lc-ne System In Reflexive Orienting Of Atmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orienting of attention, pupil size, and the norepinephrine system

Gabay

Pertzov

Henik

2010

Atten Percept Psychophys

116

101

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This research examined a novel suggestion regarding the involvement of the locus coeruleus-norepinephrine (LC-NE) system in orienting reflexive (exogenous) attention. A common procedure for studying exogenous orienting of attention is Posner's cuing task. Importantly, one can manipulate the required level of target processing by changing task requirements, which, in turn, can elicit a different time course of inhibition of return (IOR). An easy task (responding to target location) produces earlier onset IOR, whereas a demanding task (responding to target identity) produces later onset IOR. Aston-Jones and Cohen (Annual Review of Neuroscience, 28, 403-450, 2005) presented a theory suggesting two different modes of LC activity: tonic and phasic. Accordingly, we suggest that in the more demanding task, the LC-NE system is activated in phasic mode, and in the easier task, it is activated in tonic mode. This, in turn, influences the appearance of IOR. We examined this suggestion by measuring participants' pupil size, which has been demonstrated to correlate with the LC-NE system, while they performed cuing tasks. We found a response-locked phasic dilation of the pupil in the discrimination task, as compared with the localization task, which may reflect different firing modes of the LC-NE system during the two tasks. We also demonstrated a correlation between pupil size at the time of cue presentation and magnitude of IOR.

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Temporal expectancy modulates inhibition of return in a discrimination task

Cited by 36 publications

References 24 publications

Inhibitory interaction: the effects of multiple non-predictive visual cues

Inhibitory interaction: the effects of multiple non-predictive visual cues

A biased-competition approach to spatial cueing: Combining empirical studies and computational modelling

Orienting of attention, pupil size, and the norepinephrine system

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