Temporal increases in the incidence of childhood solid tumors seen in Northwest England (1954–1998) are likely to be real

McNally, Richard J.Q.; Kelsey, Anna; Cairns, Donal P.; Taylor, G. Malcolm; Eden, O. B.; Birch, Jillian M

doi:10.1002/1097-0142(20011001)92:7<1967::aid-cncr1716>3.0.co;2-#

Cited by 72 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Overall, these findings agree with those of most previous studies (Blair and Birch, 1994;McKinney et al, 1994;Bunin et al, 1996;Gurney et al, 1996;Hjalmars et al, 1999;McNally et al, 2001;Dreifaldt et al, 2004), although differences have been found. Thus, a British study showed a stable rate of ependymomas (McNally et al, 2001), one study in the USA showed a stable rate of primitive neuroectodermal tumours (Gurney et al, 1996) and another study in the USA, spanning 21 years, showed that increases in the incidence rates of various morphological subgroups depends on the period studied .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…We cannot rule out the possibility that changes in tumour classification and new histomorphological analyses could have influenced the incidence rates of specific histological subgroups over time, but this would not explain the general pattern of increasing incidence rates in the present study. Moreover, histopathological re-evaluation and homogeneous morphological classification of all CNS tumours in a British series excluded temporal changes in classification practices as a plausible explanation for the observed increase in the incidence rate (McNally et al, 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Increasing incidence rates of central nervous system (CNS) tumours in children have been reported for several populations in countries where incident cancer cases are registered routinely, that is, in Australia, Italy, Sweden, the United Kingdom and the USA (Mosso et al, 1992;McKinney et al, 1994;Giles et al, 1995;Bunin et al, 1996;Gurney et al, 1996;Hjalmars et al, 1999;McNally et al, 2001;Dreifaldt et al, 2004). It is uncertain whether these increases are owing to improved diagnostic methods, changes in cancer registration procedures or changes in tumour classification practices, or whether the increases are biologically real and owing to changes in environmental or lifestyle factors (Black, 1998;Smith et al, 1998;Forman, 1999;Schechter, 1999;Varner, 1999).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, the increase in the incidence rate of childhood CNS tumours in the United Kingdom occurred mostly before the introduction of MRI (McKinney et al, 1994;McNally et al, 2001). In the USA, the increase in childhood CNS tumour incidence rate occurred within a few years during the mid-1980s, when MRI became widespread (Steinberg, 1986;Smith et al, 1998), and was preceded and followed by relatively stable rates (Gurney et al, 1996;Smith et al, 1998); at the same time, a slight but steady decrease in specific mortality from CNS tumours in childhood was registered .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Increasing incidence of childhood tumours of the central nervous system in Denmark, 1980–1996

et al. 2006

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The registered incidence rate of childhood central nervous system (CNS) tumours has increased in several countries. It is uncertain whether these increases are biologically real or owing to improved diagnostic methods. We explored the medical records of 626 CNS tumours diagnosed in Danish children between 1980 and 1996. Population-based registers were used to extract data on mortality and background population. Temporal patterns were analysed by regression techniques. Most tumours were verified by computed tomography (78%) or magnetic resonance imaging (14%). Overall, the incidence rate increased by 2.9% per year (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.3;4.5) and the mortality rate increased by 1.4% per year (95% CI: À0.4;3.3). Among children aged 0 -4 years, the survival rate after diagnosis remained almost unchanged, whereas among children aged 5 -14 years, the 10-year survival rate improved from 59 to 74%. These data suggest that the incidence rate of CNS tumours among Danish children has truly increased, although alternative explanations cannot be excluded.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Increasing incidence of childhood tumours of the central nervous system in Denmark, 1980–1996

et al. 2006

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“…This contrasts with the pattern in children where there is a higher rate of germ cell tumours in children aged 10 -14 years. The noticably higher rate of melanoma in females in both the 15 -19-year-olds and the 20 -24-year-olds is not seen in 10 -14-year-olds, but the overall rates are very much lower in the latter age group (McNally et al, 2001a;Stiller et al, 1998). Other groups showing marked increases in rates with age in females include carcinomas of thyroid, breast and GU tract.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Classification and incidence of cancers in adolescents and young adults in England 1979–1997

et al. 2002

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Cancer patients aged 15 -24 years have distinct special needs. High quality cancer statistics are required for service planning. Data presented by primary site are inappropriate for this age group. We have developed a morphology-based classification and applied it to national cancer registration data for England 1979 -1997. The study included 25 000 cancers and 134 million person -years at risk. Rates for each diagnostic group by age, sex and time period (1979 -83, 1984 -87, 1988 -92, 1993 -1997) were calculated. Overall rates in 15 -19 and 20 -24-year-olds were 144 and 226 per million person -years respectively. Lymphomas showed the highest rates in both age groups. Rates for leukaemias and bone tumours were lower in 20 -24 year olds. Higher rates for carcinomas, central nervous system tumours, germ-cell tumours, soft tissue sarcomas and melanoma were seen in the older group. Poisson regression showed incidence increased over the study period by an average of 1.5% per annum (P50.0001). Significant increases were seen in non-Hodgkins lymphoma (2.3%), astrocytoma (2.3%), germ-cell tumours (2.3%), melanoma (5.1%) and carcinoma of the thyroid (3.5%) and ovary (3.0%). Cancers common in the elderly are uncommon in adolescents and young adults. The incidence of certain cancers in the latter is increasing. Future studies should be directed towards aetiology.

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Patterns of Incidence of Cancer in Teenagers and Young Adults: Implications for Aetiology

Birch¹

2005

Cancer and the Adolescent

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Temporal increases in the incidence of childhood solid tumors seen in Northwest England (1954–1998) are likely to be real

Cited by 72 publications

References 18 publications

Increasing incidence of childhood tumours of the central nervous system in Denmark, 1980–1996

Increasing incidence of childhood tumours of the central nervous system in Denmark, 1980–1996

Classification and incidence of cancers in adolescents and young adults in England 1979–1997

Patterns of Incidence of Cancer in Teenagers and Young Adults: Implications for Aetiology

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