Temporal Information Can Influence Spatial Localization

Maij, Femke; Brenner, Eli; Smeets, Jeroen B. J.

doi:10.1152/jn.91253.2008

Cited by 34 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In combination with evidence that shapes (Matsumiya and Uchikawa, 2001) and separations (Reeve et al, 2008) are perceived correctly for targets flashed during saccades, a parsimonious account of the findings is that temporal errors, when combining information about the flashed object's retinal location with information about eye orientation, are responsible for the observed perisaccadic mislocalization of flashed objects (see Model interpretation, below). Such a temporal explanation is also in line with our finding that temporal information can change perisaccadic mislocalization (Maij et al, 2009). …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Temporal Uncertainty Separates Flashes from Their Background during Saccades

Maij¹,

Brenner²,

Smeets³

2011

J. Neurosci.

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It is known that spatial localization of flashed objects fails around the time of rapid eye movements (saccades). This mislocalization is often interpreted in terms of a combination of shifts and deformations of the brain's representation of space to account for the eye movement. Such temporary remapping of positions in space should affect all elements in a scene, leaving ordinal relationships between positions intact. We performed an experiment in which we presented flashes on a background with red and green regions to human subjects. We found that flashes that were presented on the green part of the background around the time of a saccade were readily reported to have been presented on the red part of the background and vice versa. This is inconsistent with the notion of a temporary shift and deformation of perceived space. To explain our results, we present a model that illustrates how temporal uncertainty could give rise to the observed spatial mislocalization. The model combines uncertainty about the time of the flash with a bias to localize targets where one is looking. It reproduced the pattern of mislocalization very accurately, showing that perisaccadic mislocalization can best be explained in terms of temporal uncertainty about the moment of the flash.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Temporal Uncertainty Separates Flashes from Their Background during Saccades

Maij¹,

Brenner²,

Smeets³

2011

J. Neurosci.

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“…The observation of a potentially close relation between synchrony perception and induced temporal shifts suggested an alternative theoretical approach, based on the model described by Maij, Brenner, and Smeets (2009). This model combines the influence of the relative temporal position of the sound on the judged temporal position of the flash (linear component) with the probability that the flash and sound are considered to arise from the same event (Gaussian component).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying temporal ventriloquism in audiovisual synchrony perception

Kuling

Kohlrausch

Juola

2013

Atten Percept Psychophys

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The integration of visual and auditory inputs in the human brain works properly only if the components are perceived in close temporal proximity. In the present study, we quantified cross-modal interactions in the human brain for audiovisual stimuli with temporal asynchronies, using a paradigm from rhythm perception. In this method, participants had to align the temporal position of a target in a rhythmic sequence of four markers. In the first experiment, target and markers consisted of a visual flash or an auditory noise burst, and all four combinations of target and marker modalities were tested. In the same-modality conditions, no temporal biases and a high precision of the adjusted temporal position of the target were observed. In the different-modality conditions, we found a systematic temporal bias of 25-30 ms. In the second part of the first and in a second experiment, we tested conditions in which audiovisual markers with different stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs) between the two components and a visual target were used to quantify temporal ventriloquism. The adjusted target positions varied by up to about 50 ms and depended in a systematic way on the SOA and its proximity to the point of subjective synchrony. These data allowed testing different quantitative models. The most satisfying model, based on work by Maij, Brenner, and Smeets (Journal of Neurophysiology 102, 490-495, 2009), linked temporal ventriloquism and the percept of synchrony and was capable of adequately describing the results from the present study, as well as those of some earlier experiments.

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“…In analogy with saccades, it was recently shown that presenting an irrelevant tone around the time of the flash resulted in a temporal shift of the localization pattern (Maij et al 2009). To explain these results, it was suggested that the flash and the tone are optimally integrated, but only if both were presented closely enough in time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is known that when flashes are presented near the time of a saccade people systematically misperceive the location of the flash (e.g., Honda 1989;Lappe et al 2000;Maij et al 2009;Mateeff 1978;Matin and Pearce 1965;Ross et al 1997;Schlag and Schlag-Rey 1995). There are, however, conflicting results regarding the effect of saccade velocity on such perisaccadic localization errors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…That is, human participants make systematic errors when localizing objects flashed around the time of saccades (Honda 1989;Lappe et al 2000;Maij et al 2009;Mateeff 1978;Matin and Pearce 1965;Ross et al 1997; Schlag and Schlag-Rey 1995). While previous models suggest that these localization errors arise from the temporal low-pass filtering properties of retinal (Pola 2004(Pola , 2007 or extraretinal (Dassonville et al 1992) processing, a more recent account suggests that temporal uncertainty in combining information about the object's retinal location and information about eye position is responsible for the mislocalization effect (Maij et al 2011a; Maij et al, unpublished observations).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Spatiotemporal integration for tactile localization during arm movements: a probabilistic approach

Maij

Wing

Medendorp

2013

Journal of Neurophysiology

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-It has been shown that people make systematic errors in the localization of a brief tactile stimulus that is delivered to the index finger while they are making an arm movement. Here we modeled these spatial errors with a probabilistic approach, assuming that they follow from temporal uncertainty about the occurrence of the stimulus. In the model, this temporal uncertainty converts into a spatial likelihood about the external stimulus location, depending on arm velocity. We tested the prediction of the model that the localization errors depend on arm velocity. Participants (n ϭ 8) were instructed to localize a tactile stimulus that was presented to their index finger while they were making either slow-or fast-targeted arm movements. Our results confirm the model's prediction that participants make larger localization errors when making faster arm movements. The model, which was used to fit the errors for both slow and fast arm movements simultaneously, accounted very well for all the characteristics of these data with temporal uncertainty in stimulus processing as the only free parameter. We conclude that spatial errors in dynamic tactile perception stem from the temporal precision with which tactile inputs are processed.haptics; mislocalization; human; movement; perception TACTILE STIMULI, e.g., a touch stimulus applied to the arm, are initially encoded in a somatotopic reference frame. To localize these tactile stimuli in external space a coordinate transformation is required, which must take postural information about the arm into account. Previous behavioral and neurophysiological studies have shown that this transformation process takes time (Azanon and Soto-Faraco 2008;Heed and Roder 2010).Under normal conditions the arm is typically not stationary at the time of a tactile stimulus. This provides additional complexity to tactile localization. When the arm is moving, the tactile input in the brain needs to be combined with dynamic information (i.e., proprioceptive feedback or efferent motor commands) about the ongoing arm movement to provide veridical spatial information in external coordinates. The present report addresses how the brain combines these signals in dynamic tactile localization.The few previous studies on dynamic tactile localization have shown that subjects systematically misperceive the location of tactile stimuli presented near the time of an arm movement (Dassonville 1995;Maij et al. 2011b; Watanabe et al. 2009). Until now, however, few explanations for these tactile localization errors have been provided. For example, Dassonville (1995) suggested that the localization errors relate to a temporal delay in the perception of the tactile stimulus, probably due to a combination of somatosensory delays and the internal misrepresentation of the movement trajectory. But how such delays cause the subsequent misrepresentation in a biological system is not straightforward, and requires a modeling approach. Here we consider the effects of temporal delay as well as temporal and spatial variability t...

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Temporal Information Can Influence Spatial Localization

Cited by 34 publications

References 27 publications

Temporal Uncertainty Separates Flashes from Their Background during Saccades

Temporal Uncertainty Separates Flashes from Their Background during Saccades

Quantifying temporal ventriloquism in audiovisual synchrony perception

Spatiotemporal integration for tactile localization during arm movements: a probabilistic approach

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