Temporal interference stimulation disrupts spike timing in the primate brain

Vieira, Pedro G.; Krause, Matthew R.; Pack, Christopher C.

doi:10.1101/2023.09.25.559340

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Moreover, even if the e-field fluctuations are not aligned (in terms of shape, frequency, or phase) with the spectral content of neurons' endogenous or other input dynamics, the fields might compete for control over spike timing. In indirect support of this, external fields alter the rhythmicity of neuronal spiking (Vieira et al, 2023). For example, the application of a weak electric field (~1 V/m) at 5…”

Section: The Potential Role Of Oscillatory Ephaptic Couplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decoupling Measurements and Processes: On the Epiphenomenon Debate Surrounding Brain Oscillations in Field Potentials

van Bree,

Levenstein,

Krause

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Various theories in neuroscience maintain that brain oscillations have an important role in neuronal computation, but opposing views claim that these macroscale dynamics are “exhaust fumes” of more relevant processes. Here, we argue that the question of whether oscillations are epiphenomenal is ill-defined and cannot be productively resolved without further refinement. Toward that end, we outline a conceptual framework that clarifies the dispute along two axes: first, we introduce a distinction between measurement and process to categorize the theoretical status of electrophysiology terms such as local field potentials and oscillations. Second, we consider the relationships between these disambiguated terms, evaluating based on experimental and computational evidence whether there exist causal or inferentially useful links between them. This decomposes the question of epiphenomenalism into a set of empirically tractable alternatives. Finally, we demarcate oscillations as a conceptually distinct entity where either processes or measurements exhibit periodic behavior, and we suggest that oscillatory processes orchestrate neural computation by implementing a temporal, spatial, and frequency syntax. Overall, our reframed evaluation supports the view that electric fields—oscillating or not—are causally relevant, and that their associated signals are informative. More broadly, we offer a vocabulary and starting point for scientific exchanges on the role and utility of brain signals and the biological processes they capture.

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Section: The Potential Role Of Oscillatory Ephaptic Couplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decoupling Measurements and Processes: On the Epiphenomenon Debate Surrounding Brain Oscillations in Field Potentials

van Bree,

Levenstein,

Krause

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Assessing the distinct contributions of rostral and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex to cognitive control using temporal interference brain stimulation

Ryan,

Botzanowski,

Karkare

et al. 2024

Preprint

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The medial prefrontal cortex has been strongly implicated in a diverse array of cognitive functions in humans, including cognitive control and emotion regulation. Numerous studies have further proposed distinct functions for dorsomedial and rostromedial areas, but direct evidence from neuromodulation studies in healthy humans has been lacking due to the limitations of commonly used non-invasive neuromodulation techniques. Temporal interference (TI) stimulation is a recently developed technique for non-invasive deep brain stimulation that utilizes the frequency difference Δƒ between pairs of high frequency electric fields to stimulate brain regions at depth and with improved precision compared to traditional techniques. Despite its theoretical potential, however, TI applications in humans have remained limited. Here, we examined the effects of TI stimulation to dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) and rostromedial prefrontal cortex (rmPFC) on cognitive control. Healthy adult participants (n = 32) were recruited and administered 20 Hz Δƒ TI stimulation and 0 Hz Δƒ sham stimulation in interleaved blocks while completing two variants of the Stroop Task, a well-established paradigm intended to measure cognitive control: the Color-Word and Affective Number Stroop. During the Color-Word Stroop, we found that 20 Hz Δƒ TI stimulation of dmPFC and rmPFC relative to sham stimulation slowed down reaction times, with a significantly more pronounced slowing effect specific to incongruent trials for dmPFC stimulation as well as reduced accuracy. Importantly, effects of TI on dmPFC targets localized with fMRI differed markedly from dmPFC targeting based on a generic model, highlighting the importance of individualized targeting. For the Affective Stroop, we found that stimulation of dmPFC relative to sham stimulation facilitated increased reaction times in a valence specific-manner. This research provides novel evidence for distinct effects of neuromodulation in sub-regions of medial prefrontal cortex in healthy humans and sheds light on the strengths of TI as a non-invasive stimulation method for human cognitive neuroscience.

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Temporal interference stimulation disrupts spike timing in the primate brain

Cited by 2 publications

References 50 publications

Decoupling Measurements and Processes: On the Epiphenomenon Debate Surrounding Brain Oscillations in Field Potentials

Decoupling Measurements and Processes: On the Epiphenomenon Debate Surrounding Brain Oscillations in Field Potentials

Assessing the distinct contributions of rostral and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex to cognitive control using temporal interference brain stimulation

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