Temporal Measurement Invariance of the Financially Focused Self-Concept Construct

Tabri, Nassim; Philander, Kahlil S.; Wood, Richard T. A.; Wohl, Michael J. A.

doi:10.4309/jgi.2021.48.11

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The short 4-item version was administered in wave 2 and assessed responses to key statements, including "How I feel about myself is largely based on the amount of money I have," "My moods are influenced by the amount of money I have," "People will think less of me if I don't have a lot of money," and "The opportunities that are available to me depend on the amount of money I have." The factor structure of the 4-item version was recently replicated using confirmatory factor analysis and was shown to have strict temporal measurement invariance among community gamblers over a one-month period (Tabri et al, 2021a(Tabri et al, , 2021b. Response options for each item were anchored at "not at all" (1) and "extremely" (5).…”

Section: Financial Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental Health Over Time and Financial Concerns Predict Change in Online Gambling During COVID-19

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Tabri

Stark

et al. 2022

Int J Ment Health Addiction

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This study examined online gambling behavior during COVID-19 land-based gambling restrictions and associations with changes in mental health, impacts on household income due to the pandemic, financially focused motivations, and symptoms of gambling problems. A repeated online survey was administered to adult gamblers in Ontario, Canada. Wave 1 was conducted at the beginning of the first COVID-19 lockdown (April 2020) and wave 2 in August 2020. Respondents (N = 940) completed validated self-report questionnaires related to depression and anxiety, financial motivation, financial impacts due to the pandemic, online gambling behaviors, and problem gambling symptomatology. A cluster analysis identified three subgroups: no online gambling (subgroup 1), engagement in a range of gambling games online and change in gambling involvement (i.e., some increased and some decreased gambling; subgroup 2), and predominantly online lottery play with no change in online gambling (subgroup 3). Respondents who reported increased anxiety and depression symptom severity between the two waves and those who experienced greater symptoms of problem gambling and negative impacts on household income due to COVID-19 were most likely to be found in subgroup 2. Greater financial focus was also noted in this group. Results indicate a link between change in online gambling involvement during COVID-19 and increased mental health problems, elevated problem gambling severity, negative impacts on household income, and a greater financially focused self-concept. These results may help generate novel research questions examining short and longterm effects of the pandemic on online behaviors that inform policy and practice.

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Section: Financial Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental Health Over Time and Financial Concerns Predict Change in Online Gambling During COVID-19

Price

Tabri

Stark

et al. 2022

Int J Ment Health Addiction

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“…The numerous and readily available gambling opportunities mean that avoiding gambling is difficult for people with gambling problems ( LaBrie et al., 2007 ; St-Pierre, Walker, Derevensky, & Gupta, 2014 ; Thomas et al., 2009 ), and as gambling has migrated to the internet, it has become readily accessible via mobile devices ( Abbott, 2020 ; Blaszczynski, Ladouceur, & Shaffer, 2004 ). Consequently, many people who problem gamble suffer from related economic, social, and health burdens ( Browne et al., 2016 ; Calado & Griffiths, 2016 ; Tabri, Philander, Wood, & Wohl, 2021 ; Wardle et al., 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of a web-based self-help tool to reduce problem gambling: A randomized controlled trial

Boumparis,

Baumgartner,

Malischnig

et al. 2023

JBA

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Background and AimsProblem gambling constitutes a public health concern associated with psychopathological comorbidity, substance use, and financial difficulties. Most individuals with gambling problems avoid counseling services due to perceived stigma and their preference for self-reliance. Treatment accessibility could be improved through web-based interventions.MethodsWe recruited 360 individuals with gambling problems and randomized them to a web-based intervention (n = 185) or an active control group consisting of a self-help manual for problem gambling (n = 175). The primary outcome was the number of days of gambling in the last 30 days. Secondary outcomes included money spent in the last 30 days, time gambling in the last 7 days, gambling-related problems, consumption of alcohol and cigarettes, and psychopathological comorbidity measured at posttreatment and 6-month follow-up.ResultsThe primary outcome decreased significantly for both groups, with no significant difference between the groups. There were significant group × time interactions according to the Gambling Symptom Assessment Scale (F = 8.83, p <0 .001), the Problem Gambling Severity Index (F = 3.54, p = 0.030), for cigarettes smoked in the last 7 days (F = 26.68, p < 0.001), the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (F = 19.41, p <0 .001), and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (F = 41.09, p <0 .001) favoring the intervention group. We experienced an overall high dropout rate (76%).ConclusionsWin Back Control seems to be an effective low-threshold treatment option for individuals with gambling problems that might otherwise be unapproachable for outpatient treatment services. Nevertheless, the high dropout rate should be considered when interpreting the study results, as they may have introduced a degree of variability.

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“…These four items have been shown to load on a single factor in cross-sectional research . As well, unpublished longitudinal research has shown that these four items have at least partial temporal measurement invariance (Tabri, 2023). My current research study extended existing research on the 4-item BAAS by examining its psychometric properties in the context of experience sampling.…”

Section: The Present Researchmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…Research has also shown that the average of the four items was internally consistent and positively correlated with measures of disordered eating in community samples (Tabri, Yung, & Elliott, 2022;. Furthermore, in unpublished psychometric longitudinal research, the 4-item BAAS has been shown to have temporal measurement invariance over a 4-month period among university women (Tabri, 2023). That is, the 4-item BAAS carries the same meaning over time.…”

Section: The Measurement Of Appearance Focused Self-conceptmentioning

confidence: 94%

Appearance focused self-concept predicts disordered eating behaviour: An experience sampling study

Nicoletta

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People with more (relative to less) appearance focused self-concept are more likely to engage in disordered eating behaviours over time. Yet, overlooked is whether this relationship occurs at the within-person level and over the course of a day. My thesis addressed these two gaps in knowledge. I examined the psychometric properties of a short measure of appearance focused self-concept for use in experience sampling research. I also examined links with daily disordered eating. Participants were 47 female university students. They completed questionnaires seven times a day for 14 days. Results showed that the measure of appearance focused self-concept was both valid and reliable. Also, greater appearance focused self-concept at the start of the day and increases in appearance focused self-concept over the course of the day were each associated with same-day and next-day disordered eating. These findings indicate that the relation between appearance focused self-concept and disordered eating is ergodic. Appearance focused self-concept predicts disordered eating behaviour: An experience sampling studyExisting research on disordered eating behaviours has shown that having an appearance focused self-concept increases an individual's propensity to engage in disordered eating behaviours such as binge eating. However, there are currently two limitations within the current research. Firstly, theory suggests that within-person increases in appearance focused self-concept increases disordered eating, but most of the research on appearance focused self-concept and disordered eating behaviours has used a between-person approach, rather than a within-person approach. Secondly, the within-person link between appearance focused self-concept and disordered eating likely occurs over a short timescale. Yet, in longitudinal research, large gaps of time are often used when measuring appearance focused self-concept and disordered eating over time, such as months or years. In my thesis research, I addressed these two limitations. More specifically, I examined the relation between appearance focused self-concept and disordered eating at the within-person level, over the course of a day, and between days. Appearance focused self-concept and disordered eatingThe self-concept refers to an individual's cognitive framework encompassing their selfperception and personal identity (Rosenberg, 1979). It comprises a collection of beliefs pertaining to various aspects of one's life, including but not limited to interpersonal relationships, education, career, physical health, appearance, and financial status. The domains of the selfconcept may vary among individuals. For instance, an individual's self-concept might incorporate different domains such as being a teacher, a mother, a sister, hailing from Italy, and having a penchant for reading. As well, the different domains vary in terms of their perceived importance for self-definition and self-worth.

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Temporal Measurement Invariance of the Financially Focused Self-Concept Construct

Cited by 5 publications

References 7 publications

Mental Health Over Time and Financial Concerns Predict Change in Online Gambling During COVID-19

Mental Health Over Time and Financial Concerns Predict Change in Online Gambling During COVID-19

Effectiveness of a web-based self-help tool to reduce problem gambling: A randomized controlled trial

Appearance focused self-concept predicts disordered eating behaviour: An experience sampling study

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