Temporal monitoring of vast sand mining in NW Turkey: Implications on environmental/social impacts

Late Pleistocene-Holocene characteristics of the North Anatolian Fault at Adapazarı Basin: evidence from the age and geometry of the fluvial terrace staircases

“…The recent floodplain of the Sakarya River (T0) has been almost completely destroyed by intense sand mining (80%), which started in the 1980s and over time, has altered the natural course of the river channel as well (Figure 3, Okur and Erturaç, 2018). The premining era (1975) satellite imagery from the Keyhole optical reconnaissance satellite mission revealed that T0 was formed of by wide (~500 m) point bars of a meandering channel in the study area.…”

“…All of these terraces had developed on the Karapürçek Formation. The total destruction of the floodplain (T0) by sand mining over the last 30 years was complied from Okur and Erturaç (2018).…”

“…The average grain size of these bedload deposits is 20-30 cm. The grain size continuously fines upward progressively, where the terrace ends with a 1-to 2-m-thick silt-fine sand and silt layer, which is observed Erturaç et al 2019) including the terrace T4 level and the degree of destruction due to the sand mines (Okur and Erturaç, 2018). Black stars and codes indicate sampling/section locations.…”

Justinianus Köprüsü Çevresinde Delgi Sondaj Yöntemli Paleocoğrafya-Jeoarkeoloji Araştırmalarının Ön Sonuçları

“…Ancak geniş perspektifteki çalışmalar için bulunduğu konum sedimantolojik açıdan oldukça anlamlıdır ve bir pilot uygulama için alandaki en uygun yerdedir. (Bilgin, 1967;Okur ve Erturaç, 2018;Erturaç vd. 2019 (Ceylan, 1990;Emre vd.…”

“…Arifiye ovası güney ve doğusunda ise Sakarya ırmağına ait eski yelpaze sistemi ve daha güneyinde ırmağın ovaya açıldığı bölümde bu yelpazenin kök kesiminde kalan akarsu taraçaları bulunmaktadır (İnandık, 1952;İnandık, 1963;Şahiner vd. 2018;Okur ve Erturaç, 2018;Erturaç vd. 2019 (Meriç, 1995;Meriç, 2000;Nazik vd.…”