Temporal niche shifts driven by interference competition: Giant hornets exclude rhinoceros beetles at sap sites at dawn

Kojima, Wataru

doi:10.1002/ecy.3914

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…Additionally, male beetles are active at different times of the day depending on their body size (Siva-Jothy 1987). As the body size of individuals at the sap sites was not measured in this or previous studies (Shibata and Kojima 2021;Kojima 2023), further investigation of individual-level activity patterns is required.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Interspecific competition for sap sites is also one of the potential factors that might affect the activity patterns of rhinoceros beetles. Kojima (2023) reported that the giant hornet Vespa mandarinia visited sap sites on Q. acutissima at approximately 5:00 am and physically excluded T. dichotomus . After the hornets were experimentally removed, the beetles continued to occupy the sap sites until noon.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dining in the daylight: Nocturnal rhinoceros beetles extend feeding periods on host trees with reduced sap exudation

Kanda,

Shibata,

Ueno

et al. 2023

Preprint

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While the Japanese rhinoceros beetleTrypoxylus dichotomustypically feeds on the sap of the oakQuercus acutissimaand the crape myrtleLagerstroemia subcostataduring the night, it exhibits feeding activity both during the day and night when it utilizes the ash treeFraxinus griffithii. However, the mechanisms underlying the variations in temporal activity patterns remain unknown. We compared feeding rates (measured as body mass increments) and sap exudation rates amongF. griffithii, Q. acutissima, andL. subcostata. We found that beetles feeding onL. subcostataandQ. acutissimaexhibited significantly higher feeding rates than those feeding onF. griffithii. No significant differences in feeding rates were observed betweenL. subcostataandQ. acutissima. The sap exudation rate was significantly higher forQ. acutissimathan forF. griffithii. However, there were no significant differences in the sap exudation rates betweenF. griffithiiandL. subcostataor betweenQ. acutissimaandL. subcostata. These findings suggest that lower feeding rates onF. griffithiiprolong the feeding duration, resulting in daytime activity. While the low sap exudation inL. subcostataseems inconsistent with high feeding rates on this host, this apparent contradiction could be related to the extended duration of sap exudation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%