Temporal orientation and perceived control as determinants of risk-taking

The Appropriateness of Using Laboratories and Student Participants in Gambling Research

“…For example, the concept of illusion of control was based on results from a series of field studies (Langer 1975). A number of subsequent laboratory studies have concluded that this irrational belief, that an individual has some control over the outcome of a game determined by chance, plays a role in maintaining gambling behaviour (Dixon et al, 1998;Strickland et al, 1966). However, several laboratory studies (Burger & Smith, 1985;Ladouceur & Mayrand, 1984;May et al, 2005) have failed to replicate Langer's (1975) findings that subjects have illusion of control beliefs when gambling on chance events and these lead to risky behaviours, raising questions over the validity of these original findings, including whether the field studies accurately measured illusions of control.…”

On once and future things: A temporal asymmetry in judgments of likelihood

“…Similarly, Strickland, Lewicki and Katz (1966) found that participants chose riskier bets -that is, bets with lower odds of winning but higher payoffs -when betting on a die before it was rolled than when betting after the die was rolled. Rothbart and Snyder (1970) interpreted their results as evidence of magical thinking in situations that encourage illusory perceptions of control.…”

Going for broke. From desire for illusion and the illusion of desire / De perdidos, al río. Del deseo a la ilusión y la ilusión del deseo

“…Illusion of control was manipulated following the procedure described by Burger and Cooper (1979). The difference between the presence or absence of the illusion of control was at the time when the bet was placed (Strickland et al, 1966). In the presence of the illusion of control condition, the participants placed their bets after having received information on the bet number and the benefit ratio and before throwing the dice ('bet later').…”

“…En los experimentos descritos hasta ahora, el fenómeno de la ilusión de control se ha manipulado a través del momento de la apuesta (antes vs. después) (Strickland et al, 1966). En estos juegos suele aparecer un fenómeno que ha sido denominado going for broke (Burger, 1986), expresión que significa 'ir a por todas'.…”

“…To do so, they divided the participants into two groups, namely high and low desire for control, and they manipulated the illusion of control using the experimental paradigm of Strickland, Lewicki, and Katz (1966). This paradigm manipulates the illusion of control at the moment when a bet is placed in a dice game; that is, the bet can be placed before or after throwing the dice.…”