Temporal patterns of crop raiding by elephants: a response to changes in forage quality or crop availability?

Chiyo, Patrick I.; Cochrane, Erica P.; Naughton, Lisa; Basuta, Gilbert I

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2028.2004.00544.x

Cited by 110 publications

(126 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Crop-raiding usually involves female-led mixed groups (Smith & Kasiki, 2000;Sitati et al, 2003;Malima et al, 2005), although lone bulls or small male groups may be the dominant crop-raiders in particular areas (Hoare, 1999;Chiyo & Cochrane, 2005;Kioko et al, 2006). Habitual fence-breakers or cropraiders are often bulls (Thouless & Sakwa, 1995;Hoare, 1999).…”

Section: Behavioural Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Elephants on Ecosystems and Biodiversity

Kerley¹,

Landman²,

Kruger³

et al. 2008

Elephant Management

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ISBN 978 1 86814 479 2All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the express permission, in writing, of both the author and the publisher.Cover photograph by Donald Cook at stock.xchng Cover design, layout and design by Acumen Publishing Solutions, JohannesburgPrinted and bound by Creda Communications, Cape Town Foreword SOUTH AFRICA and its people are blessed with diverse and thriving wildlife. We are also a developing economy with a growing population. From these facts emerges the particular situation of having most of our protected areas surrounded by land that has been transformed, to a greater or lesser extent, by human development. Large mammals, such as elephants, no longer roam the entire landscape, and their populations are no longer completely governed by the laws of nature. Protecting elephants and the ecological systems in which they exist in a practical and sustainable way that balances the needs of humans, elephants and the environment is a challenge to which I am committed.This Assessment was undertaken to reduce the degree of scientific uncertainty associated with decisions that must be made very soon and in the medium-to-long term. It helps to evaluate the costs and benefits associated with each choice, both in economic and ecological terms, and clarifies the legal framework within which they must be made. Collectively the chapters in this report reveal the many successes our country's experts, in collaboration with their peers in neighbouring countries and abroad, have achieved in understanding elephants and their needs, in fields as diverse as veterinary science, ecology, animal behaviour, population and resource modelling.Importantly, the Assessment exposes important gaps in our understanding and thus outlines necessary future avenues of research. This Assessment represents a key milestone in an ongoing Elephant Research Programme.Science does not provide all the information required to resolve the difficult issues raised by the management of elephant in a changing and humandominated world. Many of the required decisions have a strong element of human values implicit in them. How do South Africans wish to treat the other species with which they share our land? Extensive consultation and careful consideration of the values expressed by a wide range of stakeholders is also an essential part of the process of managing elephant in a democratic country.I am grateful to the many experts and interested persons who invested their time, experience and intellect to deliver this Assessment. I look forward to their continued engagement on the issue of elephant management, which is of great interest to many. Marthinus van Schalkwyk Minister of Environmental Affairs and Tourism, 2008 ContentS LiSt oF FigureS LiSt oF boxeS About the AuthorS And ContributorS Brandon Anthony is an assistant professor at the Department of EnvironmentalScienc...

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Section: Behavioural Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Elephants on Ecosystems and Biodiversity

Kerley¹,

Landman²,

Kruger³

et al. 2008

Elephant Management

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“…Fruits such as, mango, jackfruit, guava, black berry, and litchi were mostly damaged during the fruiting season, whereas other types of fruit (e.g., banana, papaya, sapodilla, hog plum, and immature coconut) were damaged throughout the year. This suggests that the crop-raiding patterns by langurs in Keshabpur might be determined by seasonal aspects of the available human-edible fruits, rather than by the scarcity of foods, as observed in several previous studies (e.g., (Beasley & Rhodes, 2008;Chiyo, Cochrane, Naughton, & Basuta, 2005;Sukumar, 1989).…”

Section: Seasonal Aspect Of Crop Damagementioning

confidence: 67%

“…The relationship between temporal forest fruiting patterns and crop raiding by wildlife is highly complex in tropical regions (Chiyo, Cochrane, Naughton, & Basuta, 2005). Some fruits and plants were raided throughout the year due to exhibiting no definite fruiting season (e.g., banana and papaya in Java (Soemarwoto, Soemarwoto, Karyono, & Ramlan, 1985); cassava in Sumatra (Nyhus, Tilson, & Sumianto, 2000); immature coconut in Zanzibar (Siex & Struhsaker, 1999); arena palm in Indonesia (Riley, 2007)).…”

Section: Seasonal Aspect Of Crop Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

Local People’s Perceptions of Crop Damage by Common Langurs (Semnopithecus entellus) and Human-langur Conflict in Keshabpur of Bangladesh

Khatun¹,

Ahsan²

2013

ENRR

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We studied crop damage and human-langur conflicts in six villages of Keshabpur upazila in the Jessore district of Bangladesh from September 2009 to August 2010. Data were collected by interviewing local people with a questionnaire. We discuss the attitudes of locals towards crop damage inflicted by the common langur (Semnopithecus entellus). We analysed local deterrent methods for reducing crop damage and the management strategy adopted by the Forest Department to conserve langurs. Thus, we investigated how demographic variables were associated with the perceptions of locals towards crop damage and conflicts. A total of 27 different crop species were cultivated across the villages, among which langurs mostly damaged fruits. Although most damage occurred during the fruiting season langurs damaged crops throughout the year. Around 55 % of the respondents reported that the local deterring methods were effective but that they affect their children's education and economy. Furthermore, almost 59 % of the respondents were tolerable towards the langur damage. People living in villages with a high langur population and where weak conservation methods were used reported greater crop damage than their counterparts. A linear regression analysis revealed that the occupation, landholding status, and ethical and religious beliefs of the people included in this study has a significant impact on their attitudes regarding conservation. Therefore, there is an urgent need to implement conservation measures to mitigate human-langur conflicts as well as to conserve common langurs in areas where humans and langurs coexist.

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“…It also destroys the necessary cover needed by the animals for their protection from predators, and inadvertently encourages wildlife species to migrate and look for cover from predators, as well as foliage already charred by burning. Wandering herd or flock of wildlife in search of both needs may encounter and destroy agricultural crops (Chiyo et al, 2005). In turn these animals would be hunted and killed by farmers of such crops depleting the wildlife population and defeating the very essence of wildlife conservation.…”

Section: Killing Wildlife By Farmers To Curb Raids On Agricultural Cropsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiversity Conservation: Why Local Inhabitants Destroy Habitat In Protected Areas

Ikpa¹,

Dera²,

Jande³

2010

Science World Journal

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This review identifies some intrinsic and extrinsic factors that tend to drive the destruction of habitat, game poaching and unsustainable utilization of plants products by communities surrounding many protected areas around the world, leading to wildlife and plant species decline. Intrinsic factors are basic needs of the locals; those needs are intricately tied to land and poverty. Other factors also exist such as increased population, trade in endangered species and deforestation that are extrinsic and not the immediate needs of the local communities in protected areas but nevertheless contribute in forcing the communities to abandon the path to sustainable utilization of natural resources in protected areas leading to habitat fragmentation, depletion and loss of wildlife and plants species

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Temporal patterns of crop raiding by elephants: a response to changes in forage quality or crop availability?

Cited by 110 publications

References 22 publications

Effects of Elephants on Ecosystems and Biodiversity

Effects of Elephants on Ecosystems and Biodiversity

Local People’s Perceptions of Crop Damage by Common Langurs (Semnopithecus entellus) and Human-langur Conflict in Keshabpur of Bangladesh

Biodiversity Conservation: Why Local Inhabitants Destroy Habitat In Protected Areas

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