Temporal patterns of visitation of birds and mammals at mineral licks in the Peruvian Amazon

Abstract

in the world. Many of the species in the Amazon are secretive and elusive, and little is known about their ecology and behavior relative to similar species in temperate latitudes. In particular, little is known about the activity patterns, ranges, and social structure of many of the large mammals and birds in the Amazon. However, it is known that many frugivorous and folivorous mammals and birds visit key ecological sites called mineral licks (e.g.,

Assessing the accuracy of distance‐ and interview‐based measures of hunting pressure

“…We would also like to note that participatory methods such as those described here are dependent upon building trust and respect with local communities. This study, for example, is built upon over 20 years of collaboration and mutual trust with the Maijuna (e.g., see Bowler et al, 2016;Gilmore, 2005;Gilmore et al, , 2020Griffiths et al, 2020Griffiths et al, , 2021. Regardless of their history with a community, we suggest that investigators and practitioners ask critical questions before engaging in community-based research, exploring the needs and wants of the community, and collaboratively developing methodologies.…”

Dissimilarities in species assemblages among Amazonian mineral licks

“…In the Amazon rainforest of South America, several elusive species visit mineral licks, including the lowland tapir ( Tapirus terrestris ), red brocket deer ( Mazama americana ), nocturnal curassow ( Nothocrax urumutum ), spider monkeys ( Ateles sp. ), and wild felids (Blake et al, 2010; Gilmore et al, 2020; Griffiths et al, 2020; Link et al, 2011; Matsuda & Izawa, 2008; Montenegro, 2004). Overall, mineral licks represent hotspots of diversity, with a disproportionate number of species visiting discrete locations (Blake et al, 2011) and often being visited by human hunters (Gilmore et al, 2020).…”

“…Camera traps placement achieved relatively even coverage of the whole basin during each rotation (Figure S1). Camera traps were all placed at mineral licks located in terra firme forest; placement and methods followed Griffiths, Bowler, et al, (2020).…”

Mineral lick use by a community of large herbivores in northern Iran

“…Understanding the species dietary requirements as a component of wildlife ecology and management is important for predicting the individual and population fitness (Griffiths et al, 2020 ). As a vital part of the species diet, minerals form a diverse group of nutrients that make up only 5% of the body's composition, but they play an essential role in the body's function (Matsubayashi et al, 2006 ).…”