Temporal profile and clinical significance of serum neuron-specific enolase and S100 in ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke

Brea, David; Sobrino, Tomás; Blanco, Miguel; Cristobo, Iván; Rodríguez-González, Raquel; Rodríguez‐Yáñez, Manuel; Moldes, Octavio; Agulla, Jesús; Leira, Rogelio; Castillo, José

doi:10.1515/cclm.2009.337

Cited by 58 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Interestingly, MMP9 and various isoforms of S100 at the protein level have been implicated as predictors of stroke outcome. One of our recent publications suggests baseline serum MMP9 may help predict the occurrence of blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption 18 and high level of S100 serum protein is associated with worse clinical outcome, 19 implying MMP9 and S100 may also be useful as prognostic markers in ischemic stroke.…”

Section: Pathway Analysis Ingenuity Systems Pathway Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic biomarkers and cellular pathways of ischemic stroke by RNA gene expression profiling

Barr¹,

Conley²,

Ding³

et al. 2010

Neurology

203

153

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Objective: The objective of this study was to provide insight into the molecular mechanisms of acute ischemic cerebrovascular syndrome (AICS) through gene expression profiling and pathway analysis. Methods:Peripheral whole blood samples were collected from 39 MRI-diagnosed patients with AICS and 25 nonstroke control subjects Ն18 years of age. Total RNA was extracted from whole blood stabilized in Paxgene RNA tubes, amplified, and hybridized to Illumina HumanRef-8v2 bead chips. Gene expression was compared in a univariate manner between stroke patients and control subjects using t test in GeneSpring. The significant genes were tested in a logistic regression model controlling for age, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Inflation of type 1 error was corrected by Bonferroni and Ingenuity Systems Pathway analysis was performed. Validation was performed by QRT-PCR using Taqman gene expression assays.

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Section: Pathway Analysis Ingenuity Systems Pathway Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic biomarkers and cellular pathways of ischemic stroke by RNA gene expression profiling

Barr¹,

Conley²,

Ding³

et al. 2010

Neurology

203

153

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“…The first marker, NSE, is localized mainly within neurons and endocrine cells. High serum NSE was associated with a poor outcome in ischemic stroke, 2 and NSE has been reported as a useful biochemical marker for neuronal injury from various causes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interrupted intracarotid artery cold saline infusion as an alternative method for neuroprotection after ischemic stroke

Wu²,

Zhong³

et al. 2012

FOC

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Object Intracarotid artery cold saline infusion (ICSI) is an effective method for protecting brain tissue, but its use is limited because of undesirable secondary effects, such as severe decreases in hematocrit levels, as well as its relatively brief duration. In this study, the authors describe and investigate the effects of a novel ICSI pattern (interrupted ICSI) relative to the traditional method (uninterrupted ICSI). Methods Ischemic strokes were induced in 85 male Sprague-Dawley rats by occluding the middle cerebral artery for 3 hours using an intraluminal filament. Uninterrupted infusion groups received an infusion at 15 ml/hour for 30 minutes continuously. The same infusion speed was used in the interrupted infusion groups, but the whole duration was divided into trisections, and there was a 20-minute interval without infusion between sections. Forty-eight hours after reperfusion, H & E and silver nitrate staining were utilized for morphological assessment. Infarct sizes and brain water contents were determined using H & E staining and the dry-wet weight method, respectively. Levels of neuron-specific enolase (NSE), S100β protein, and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) in the serum were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Neurological deficits were also evaluated. Results Histology showed that interrupted ICSI did not affect neurons or fibers in rat brains, which suggests that this method is safe for brain tissues with ischemia. The duration of hypothermia induced by interrupted ICSI was longer than that induced via the traditional method, and the decrease in hematocrit levels was less pronounced. There were no differences in infarct size or brain water content between uninterrupted and interrupted ICSI groups, but neuron-specific enolase and matrix metalloproteinase 9 serum levels were more reduced after interrupted ICSI than after the traditional method. Conclusions Interrupted ICSI is a safe method. Compared with traditional ICSI, the interrupted method has a longer duration of hypothermia and less effect on hematocrit and offers more potentially improved neuroprotection, thereby making it more attractive as an infusion technique in the clinic.

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“…There are several reports indicating that both proteins are markers of glial and neuronal injury in ischaemic stroke and a smaller number of studies demonstrating the role of peripheral markers in haemorrhagic stroke. [9][10][11][12][13][14] However these markers are not specific for stroke; raised levels of NSE and S100B have also been found in other neurological conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy, brain tumours, dementia, schizophrenia and CreutzfeldtJackob disease, among others. [15][16][17][18] The correlation observed between NSE and S100B levels in stroke patients supports its association with acute damage of glial and neuronal cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum neuron-specific enolase and S100 calcium binding protein B biomarker levels do not improve diagnosis of acute stroke

González-García¹,

González‐Quevedo²,

Peña-Sánchez³

et al. 2012

J R Coll Physicians Edinb

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Background:The high sensitivities and specificities reported for blood biomarkers as a supportive test in the diagnosis of acute stroke do not correspond with their performance for decision-making in emergency situations. Methods: Seventy-two patients with suspected stroke were recruited: 44 with ischaemic stroke, 17 with haemorrhagic stroke and 11 stroke mimics, as well as a high-risk control group of 79 individuals. Serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and S100 calcium binding protein B (S100B) biomarker levels were determined on admission, using immunoassay kits. The sensitivities and specificities of NSE and S100B for distinguishing acute stroke from stroke mimics and high-risk controls were calculated. Results: For cut-off values (NSE ≤14 micrograms per litre and S100B ≤130 nanograms per litre) the sensitivity was 53% and 55% respectively. Specificity was 64 for both versus the stroke mimic group. Specificity was higher (79% and 86% respectively) when calculated on the basis of the control group. Conclusions: This study supports the evidence indicating that serum levels of NSE and S100B do not improve the diagnosis of acute stroke.

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Temporal profile and clinical significance of serum neuron-specific enolase and S100 in ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke

Cited by 58 publications

References 30 publications

Genomic biomarkers and cellular pathways of ischemic stroke by RNA gene expression profiling

Genomic biomarkers and cellular pathways of ischemic stroke by RNA gene expression profiling

Interrupted intracarotid artery cold saline infusion as an alternative method for neuroprotection after ischemic stroke

Serum neuron-specific enolase and S100 calcium binding protein B biomarker levels do not improve diagnosis of acute stroke

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