Temporal rate change of dialogue speech in prosodic units as compared to read speech

Hirose, Keikichi; Kawanami, Hiromichi

doi:10.1016/s0167-6393(01)00028-0

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…This manipulation technique also facilitated working with spontaneous rather than read speech, an unusual technique in the MGT literature, although occasionally seen in verbal guise approaches such as Huygens and Vaughan (1983). There is clear evidence that read and spontaneous speech differ in systematic ways (Laan 1997;Hirose and Kawanami 2002) and that listeners perceive these differences (Mehta and Cutler 1988;Guaïtella 1999), making it difficult to generalize listener perceptions based on read or recited speech to other contexts. In using spontaneous speech, I sacrificed some degree of control over the content of the excerpts in that the speakers were recorded saying completely different things.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accent, (Ing), and the Social Logic of Listener Perceptions

2007

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This article reports on the relationship between the English variable (ING) and two divergent accents (Southern and gay) as they are conceptualized and given social meaning in listeners' perceptions of spontaneous speech. The study used an expanded form of the Matched Guise Technique, using recordings collected through sociolinguistic interviews with 8 speakers from North Carolina and California. Excerpts were digitally manipulated to create 32 matched pairs differing only in tokens of (ING), which were used to collect responses in group interviews (N = 55) and a Web-based experiment (N = 124). The alveolar variant-in increased the perceived strength of Southern accents and dampened an accent heard as gay and urban. The influence of (ING) on these accents is linked to shared social meanings of the alveolar form-in and Southern accents on the one hand (lack of education, the country, and the term "redneck") and the velar variant-ing and the gay accent on the other (lowered masculinity, the city, and the term "metrosexual"). These two accents are contrasted with a third variety, heard as nonaccented and aregional. These effects demonstrate the status of the three linguistic objects, the two accents and (ING), as social objects as well. The concept of accent is based on the observation that some people and groups speak differently than others. Despite the simplicity of this observation, accent is a loaded construct, connecting linguistic patterns with social and economic divisions between individuals and groups. Cavanaugh (2005, 129) argues that accents must be treated as "acoustical things in the world, indexing both speakers (subjects), as well as qualities detachable from these speakers, and at times even places themselves (objects)." This characterization need not only apply to accents but is also appropriate for some individual variables, namely those which have achieved stereotype status (Labov 1966). This article explores the representation of two accents (Southern accent and the "gay accent") and their relationship to the English variable (ING) (the alternation between word-final [In] or [@n], here referred to as-in, and [IN], here called-ing), in the sociolinguistic reasoning of U.S. college students. I trace the connections between the two accents and the variable, showing both their ideological baggage and the ways they interact to influence social judgments of spontaneous speech samples.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accent, (Ing), and the Social Logic of Listener Perceptions

2007

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“…In another study, Hirose & Kawanami (2002) examined dialogue versus read speech, and focused on the prosodic differences that exist between the two, noting that “dialogue speech generally shows wider dynamic ranges in its prosodic features” (p. 97), such as in tone and rhythm, as well as a higher speech rate than read speech. Howell & Kadi-Hanifi (1991) also examined prosodic differences in reading and speaking.…”

Section: The Effects Of Social and Physical Markers On Variation In Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Articulation rate across dialect, age, and gender

et al. 2009

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The understanding of sociolinguistic variation is growing rapidly, but basic gaps still remain. Whether some languages or dialects are spoken faster or slower than others constitutes such a gap. Speech tempo is interconnected with social, physical and psychological markings of speech. This study examines regional variation in articulation rate and its manifestations across speaker age, gender and speaking situations (reading vs. free conversation). The results of an experimental investigation show that articulation rate differs significantly between two regional varieties of American English examined here. A group of Northern speakers (from Wisconsin) spoke significantly faster than a group of Southern speakers (from North Carolina). With regard to age and gender, young adults read faster than older adults in both regions; in free speech, only Northern young adults spoke faster than older adults. Effects of gender were smaller and less consistent; men generally spoke slightly faster than women. As the body of work on the sociophonetics of American English continues to grow in scope and depth, we argue that it is important to include fundamental phonetic information as part of our catalog of regional differences and patterns of change in American English.

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“…It should be noted that the stimulus we used is a prepared and organised text (read-aloud text as a monologue speech) that was spoken at a storytelling event which enables more intelligible speech comprehension when compared to spontaneously produced speech which is characterised by disfluencies (e.g. interruptions, repetitions, false starts) (Hirose & Kawanami, 2002 ; Tree, 1995 , 2001 ). Since it is unclear how our findings generalise across speech settings, studying possible differences in predictive mechanisms between different speech settings would be an interesting topic for future studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictive entrainment of natural speech through two fronto-motor top-down channels

Park

Thut

Groß

2018

Language, Cognition and Neuroscience

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Natural communication between interlocutors is enabled by the ability to predict upcoming speech in a given context. Previously we showed that these predictions rely on a fronto-motor top-down control of low-frequency oscillations in auditory-temporal brain areas that track intelligible speech. However, a comprehensive spatio-temporal characterisation of this effect is still missing. Here, we applied transfer entropy to source-localised MEG data during continuous speech perception. First, at low frequencies (1-4 Hz, brain delta phase to speech delta phase), predictive effects start in left fronto-motor regions and progress to right temporal regions. Second, at higher frequencies (14-18 Hz, brain beta power to speech delta phase), predictive patterns show a transition from left inferior frontal gyrus via left precentral gyrus to left primary auditory areas. Our results suggest a progression of prediction processes from higher-order to early sensory areas in at least two different frequency channels.

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Temporal rate change of dialogue speech in prosodic units as compared to read speech

Cited by 22 publications

References 8 publications

Accent, (Ing), and the Social Logic of Listener Perceptions

Accent, (Ing), and the Social Logic of Listener Perceptions

Articulation rate across dialect, age, and gender

Predictive entrainment of natural speech through two fronto-motor top-down channels

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