Temporal–spatial evolution of low-SiO2 volcanism in the Pleistocene West Eifel volcanic field (West Germany) and relationship to upwelling asthenosphere

Mertz, D. P.; Löhnertz, Werner; Nomade, Sébastien; Pereira, Alison; Prelević, Dejan; Renne, Paul R.

doi:10.1016/j.jog.2015.04.002

Cited by 31 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 103 publications

(136 reference statements)

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“…ELSA tephra stack of the last 140 000 a bp , showing tephra layers analyzed in this study, eruption centers (Eichholz Maar: Houben et al , ; Emmelsberg: Mertz et al , ), and unknown tephra layers that are present within drill cores, while a corresponding eruption center is not yet identified. Green areas within the sequence indicate the presence of thermophilous pollen within drilled cores.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…The WEVF has several scoria cone complexes which were 40 Ar/ 39 Ar dated within, or close to, the eruption date of the ET and RaT (Fig. B): Wartgesberg, Papenkaule and Facher Höhe all erupted within the proposed age of the ET at 31 000 ± 11 000, 32 000 ± 13 000, and 32 000 ± 11 000 a bp (Mertz et al , ). However, the ET distribution and thickness points towards an origin from the EEVF (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…While the source of the ET is not yet known, the clinopyroxenes are expected to be similar to those of Wingertsberg and Eppelsberg because the composition of the host magma suite within the EEVF has not changed within the last 215 000 years (Schmincke, ). There are two possible sources for the ET: either it originated from the EEVF and was erupted from a BE‐suite scoria cone (Jouannic et al , ) that was generally voluminous ( V ~0.05 km 3 per cone, Houghton and Schmincke, ), or it originated from the WEVF, where it had to be erupted from an ONB‐suite scoria cone such as Wartgesberg or Papenkaule as larger F‐suite scoria cones are absent at this time (Mertz et al , ). Papenkaule is a small vent‐complex north of Gerolstein (Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This rather small eruption center ( V ~0.003 km 3 dense rock equivalent [DRE]) was included due to its young age and close location to the maar drill‐cores RM2, AU2 and DE3, which are situated at 5, 8 and 13 km distance, respectively. Wartgesberg is the largest scoria cone complex of the WEVF and is dated to 31 000 ± 11 000 a bp by 40 Ar/ 39 Ar (Mertz et al , ). Before Wartgesberg was destroyed by intense quarrying, it was a 120‐m‐high, 1‐km‐long and 500‐m‐wide cluster of several scoria cones that amalgamated to form a NW–SE‐trending ridge along the eruption fissure ( V ~0.04 km 3 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Late Pleistocene Eifel eruptions: insights from clinopyroxene and glass geochemistry of tephra layers from Eifel Laminated Sediment Archive sediment cores

Förster

Zemlitskaya

Otter

et al. 2019

J Quaternary Science

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The Eifel Laminated Sediment Archive (ELSA), which comprises several cores from maar lakes, includes numerous tephra layers spanning the last 140 000 years. The sediment cores are dated by 14C and thermoluminescence as well as tuned to Greenland stadial–interstadial successions. Within the last glacial cycle, the Eifel Volcanic Fields are source to several widespread tephra layers, namely the Laacher See, Eltville, Rambach and Rocourt Tephra. However, a corresponding source volcano was so far only identified for the Laacher See Tephra. In this study we use glass and clinopyroxene geochemistry to link the remaining tephra layers to possible eruption centers within the West and East Eifel Volcanic Fields: while we demonstrate that the Eltville Tephra originated from an earlier eruption of the Laacher See Volcano at 24 300 a bp from within the East Eifel Volcanic Field, the Rambach and Rocourt Tephras are sourced from the West Eifel Volcanic Field and erupted from Wartgesberg at 27 900 a bp and Pulvermaar at 75 000 a bp, respectively. Phases of volcanic activity peaked at 10 000–30 000 and 60 000–80 000 a bp and were thus erupted around the temperature minima of the last glacial cycle. The longest phase of dormancy between individual vents was around 30 000 years long, within the last interglacial.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Late Pleistocene Eifel eruptions: insights from clinopyroxene and glass geochemistry of tephra layers from Eifel Laminated Sediment Archive sediment cores

Förster

Zemlitskaya

Otter

et al. 2019

J Quaternary Science

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“…comm. L. Eichhorn, 2016; varve counting: 27.9 ± 2.0 ka, Sirocko et al ., ), the age of the Facher Höhe scoria cone (Bad Bertrich group) is still poorly constrained ( 40 Ar/ 39 Ar: 32 ± 11 ka, Mertz et al ., ). Hence, the aims of the present study are: Comparison of the RTL dating method applied to volcanically heated quartz against independent age control. Cross‐check of RTL results against OSL and post‐IR IRSL ages to detect RTL age underestimation due to strong heating. Refinement of the eruptional chronology of the two investigated sites. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Luminescence dating of Late Pleistocene eruptions in the Eifel Volcanic Field, Germany

Schmidt

Schaarschmidt

Kolb

et al. 2017

J Quaternary Science

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Robust chronologies of Late Pleistocene and Holocene volcanic eruptions are vital for hazard analysis but accurate and precise dating of these events is often difficult. Here we apply various luminescence techniques to quartz and polymineral extracts from heated crustal xenoliths enclosed in scoria and volcanically heated bedrock in the Quaternary Eifel Volcanic Field (EVF), Germany. Consistent results from red thermoluminescence (RTL) and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) of quartz and from post-infrared infrared stimulated luminescence of polymineral material demonstrate complete luminescence signal resetting during lava emplacement and sufficient signal stability. RTL and OSL age underestimation of one sample with independently known age from the lava contact zone could be eliminated by annealing before laboratory regenerative irradiation. The average luminescence age of 33.6 ± 2.4 ka for the Wartgesberg eruption is in good agreement with independent age control, while the average age of 15.5 ± 1.1 ka for the Facher Höhe scoria cone is much younger than previously assumed. This result represents the third youngest known eruption in the EVF. Our new data are in line with the hypothesized climate-controlled triggering of Eifel volcanism and confirm that active volcanism related to asthenosphere upwelling migrates from NW to SE in the EVF

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Petrologically controlled oxygen isotopic classification of cogenetic magmatic and metamorphic sapphire from Quaternary volcanic fields in the Eifel, Germany

Schmidt,

Hertwig,

Cionoiu

et al. 2024

Contrib Mineral Petrol

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Gem sapphire is commonly retrieved from primary and secondary deposits associated with alkali basaltic fields, but its source rocks are rarely preserved. The Eifel (Rhenish Massif, western Germany), although not producing gem sapphire, shares many petrologic and geochemical similarities with such fields worldwide. Due to the young age of volcanic deposits and active quarrying, sapphire-bearing rocks are readily accessible, along with detrital sapphire from modern sediments. Here, oxygen isotope and trace element compositions are reported for 223 sapphire grains, and rutile and zircon inclusions in sapphire were dated indicating crystallization synchronous with Paleogene–Quaternary volcanism. Endmembers in δ18O range are sapphires from syenites representing mantle-derived differentiated melts with minor crustal contamination (~4–6‰) and contact metamorphic mica schists (>10‰) as purely crustal source rocks. Intermediate values between ~6 and 10‰ require variable degrees of mantle-crust hybridization. Lower crustal granulite sources are dismissed based on their oxygen isotopic compositions being lower than most sapphire crystals. Diffusion modelling of sharp oxygen isotopic zonation in compositionally zoned crystals precludes crystal residence at >900 °C over the lifetime of evolved magma reservoirs in the Eifel (c. 50 ka). This argues against direct mantle or lower crustal sapphire origins. Instead, low temperature residence is consistent with sharp δ18O gradients, coexisting andalusite, and fluid inclusion barometry. Hence, Eifel sapphire crystallization is attributed to contact metamorphic aureoles around upper crustal (5–7 km) magma bodies where phonolite, trachyte, and carbonatite melts differentiated from mafic parental magmas, and reacted with metasedimentary wall rocks.

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Temporal–spatial evolution of low-SiO2 volcanism in the Pleistocene West Eifel volcanic field (West Germany) and relationship to upwelling asthenosphere

Cited by 31 publications

References 103 publications

Late Pleistocene Eifel eruptions: insights from clinopyroxene and glass geochemistry of tephra layers from Eifel Laminated Sediment Archive sediment cores

Late Pleistocene Eifel eruptions: insights from clinopyroxene and glass geochemistry of tephra layers from Eifel Laminated Sediment Archive sediment cores

Luminescence dating of Late Pleistocene eruptions in the Eifel Volcanic Field, Germany

Petrologically controlled oxygen isotopic classification of cogenetic magmatic and metamorphic sapphire from Quaternary volcanic fields in the Eifel, Germany

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