Temporal specificity of training: intra-day effects on biochemical responses and Olympic-Weightlifting performances

Ammar, Achraf; Chtourou, Hamdi; Trabelsi, Khaled; Padulo, Johnny; Turki, Mouna; Abed, Kaïs El; Hoekelmann, Anitta; Hakim, Ahmed

doi:10.1080/02640414.2014.944559

Cited by 86 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…1). Olympic exercises and training hours were chosen according to the peak and the minimum of circadian rhythm of anaerobic performances and with regard to the findings reported in the literature (2,3,16).…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each training session includes three Olympic-Weightlifting exercises: snatch, clean and jerk, and the squat (2,3,26) with five sets for each exercise (i.e., two sets at 85% of 1-RM with three repetitions per set and three sets at 90% of 1-RM with two repetitions per set) with a passive recovery period of 5 min in-between (6). Each session was preceded by a 10-min warm-up, wherein the participants performed three to five repetitions with increasing loads (i.e., from 40% to 80% of the 1-RM).…”

Section: Training Sessionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been shown that rugby sevens match (41) or high-intensity maximal tasks such as intermittent running, sprinting, jumping, resistance exercises (33,45), or Wingate test (16) resulted in transient leukocytosis and increase in biochemical markers of muscular damage for up to 10 days after exercise (10). Particularly, after a single weightlifting session (3) or 1 week of intensive weightlifting training (25,33), a profound increase (i.e., up to 2 days and 1 week, respectively) of the above-mentioned parameters have been reported. On the other hand, resting WBC, CK, and LDH have been shown to be affected by circadian rhythms in weightlifters (3) and soccer players (16) with acrophases generally observed at 17:00 close to the peak values of the oral temperature (36).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Particularly, after a single weightlifting session (3) or 1 week of intensive weightlifting training (25,33), a profound increase (i.e., up to 2 days and 1 week, respectively) of the above-mentioned parameters have been reported. On the other hand, resting WBC, CK, and LDH have been shown to be affected by circadian rhythms in weightlifters (3) and soccer players (16) with acrophases generally observed at 17:00 close to the peak values of the oral temperature (36). In addition, a transient leukocytosis and increase in muscle damage have been reported after high-intensity exercise (e.g., repeated sprint and Wingate test) with higher post-exercise values observed at 17:00 compared to 07:00 (16)(17)(18).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, a transient leukocytosis and increase in muscle damage have been reported after high-intensity exercise (e.g., repeated sprint and Wingate test) with higher post-exercise values observed at 17:00 compared to 07:00 (16)(17)(18). However, after a weightlifting training session, an alteration of the diurnal variation of WBC, CK, and LDH has been reported (3). Despite the important number of studies in this field, the exact mechanisms underlying these fluctuations are, yet, not well known (17,18).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relationship between biomarkers of muscle damage and redox status in response to a weightlifting training session: effect of time-of-day

et al. 2016

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The aims of the present study were to: (1) investigate the effect of a weightlifting training session and time-of-day (TOD) upon biological parameters (i.e., oral temperature, hematological, C-reactive protein (CRP), and oxidative stress) and (2) assess their possible link with muscle damage responses. Nine weightlifters (21 ± 0.5 years) performed, in a randomized order, three Olympic-Weightlifting sessions (i.e., at 08:00, 14:00, and 18:00). Blood samples were collected at rest, 3 min and 48 h after each training session. Between pre-and post-training session, ANOVA showed significant increases in oxidative stress markers at the three TODs (p < 0.01) and significant increases for creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) only at 08:00 and 18:00 (p < 0.05). At rest, the results showed a significant diurnal variation for the majority of the selected parameters except for malondialdehyde (MDA), total bilirubin, and CRP with higher values observed at 18:00 (p < 0.05). After the training session, given the higher rate of increase during the morning session, these diurnal variations persisted for temperature and WBC (p < 0.01) and were suppressed for CK, LDH, uric acid (UA), catalase, and glutathione peroxidase. The main significant correlations (p < 0.001) were observed between: (1) CK and MDA (r = 0.6) and CK and UA (r = 0.66 and r = 0.82) during the morning and evening training sessions; (2) CK and CRP only during the morning session (r = 0.5); and (3) CRP and WBC during the three training sessions (r = 0.8). In conclusion, the present findings: (1) confirm that the muscle damage responses could be induced by a high level of oxidative stress and (2) suggest to avoid scheduling training sessions in the morning given the higher muscle damage, inflammatory, and oxidative responses at this TOD.

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Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%