Temporal trend of cardiorespiratory endurance in urban Catalan high school students over a 20 year period

Arboix-Alió, Jordi; Buscà, Bernat; Obrador, Enric Maria Sebastiani i; Aguilera-Castells, Joan; Marcaida, Sergio; Garcı́a-Eroles, Luis; López, María José Sánchez

doi:10.7717/peerj.10365

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The decrease in the level of daily physical activity and the adoption of sedentary behaviors are related to lower adherence to the Mediterranean diet (AMD) [ 7 ], lower performance on physical fitness tests [ 8 ], and higher percentage of fat mass [ 9 ]. This forms a serious problem for the health of the adolescent population because in recent years there has been a decline in physical capacities, mainly affecting strength [ 10 ] and cardiorespiratory capacity [ 11 , 12 ], as well as an increased number of diseases related to poor nutrition [ 13 ] and accumulation of fat mass [ 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical, Psychological, and Body Composition Differences between Active and Sedentary Adolescents According to the “Fat but Fit” Paradigm

Mateo-Orcajada

Vaquero-Cristóbal

Esparza-Ros

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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The practice of physical activity during adolescence is essential for the proper development of the population. In recent decades, the relevance of physical activity has been increasing, due to the development of the “fat but fit” paradigm. This paradigm shows that adolescents with a high level of physical fitness are healthier than adolescents with poorer physical fitness, regardless of their weight, giving importance to sports practice over other aspects. However, few previous studies have analyzed the differences in physical and body composition between active and sedentary adolescents in this paradigm. For this reason, the objectives of the present study were to establish the differences in body composition, physical performance, and adherence to the Mediterranean diet between active and sedentary adolescents; and to analyze the differences between active and sedentary adolescents according to the “fat but fit” paradigm. The sample consisted of 791 adolescent whose body composition, level of physical activity, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and physical fitness were measured. It was found significant between active and sedentary adolescents in most of the anthropometric, AMD, and physical fitness variables, with a significant effect of the covariates gender, age, BMI, and biological maturation on the model. The binary logistic regression analysis performed shows that anthropometric variables, AMD, and VO2 max can be considered as primary outcomes to distinguish between active and sedentary groups of adolescents. Furthermore, the results showed that the active adolescents, regardless of their weight status, had lower fat mass and greater muscle mass, as well as a higher performance in the physical fitness tests, and greater adherence to the Mediterranean diet than the sedentary adolescents. To conclude, the practice of physical activity is a determinant for the improvement of body composition, physical performance, and adherence to the Mediterranean diet of the adolescent population, regardless of their gender, age, weight, or maturity status.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical, Psychological, and Body Composition Differences between Active and Sedentary Adolescents According to the “Fat but Fit” Paradigm

Mateo-Orcajada

Vaquero-Cristóbal

Esparza-Ros

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…Overweight and obesity in childhood were identified as health problems in several studies [ 15 , 26 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With regard to research on the assessment of the applied fitness tests, the study conducted by Armstrong and Welsman (2007) [25] confirmed a negative impact of BMI increase on aerobic fitness achievement. Arboix-Alió et al (2020) [26] also highlight an alarming deterioration in the physical fitness of adolescents compared to previous decades, especially among urban populations, with respect to the evolution of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) over time, analyzing 20 years. Tomkinson et al's (2019) research, covering 33 years showed, a modest reduction in CRF [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlations between Physical Fitness and Body Composition among Boys Aged 14–18—Conclusions of a Case Study to Reverse the Worsening Secular Trend in Fitness among Urban Youth Due to Sedentary Lifestyles

Müller

Nagy

Sándor

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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A secular trend can be observed throughout the world with an increase in childhood obesity and a decrease in fitness. The research aimed to examine the results of tests measuring the conditional abilities of young boys aged 14–18 in fitness tests and their correlations with body composition indicators. That was supported by research that has been prepared in Hungary so far. This research focuses on the results of fitness tests conducted on 14- to 18-year-old boys, presented along with body composition data. The authors sought to describe the development of the fitness profiles of males at a Budapest secondary school participating in the research, based on the results of the Hungarian National Student Fitness Test (NETFIT®), and also how their physical characteristics affect the results of NETFIT® tests in the sample measured. A total of 735 male high school students at a Budapest secondary school (14–18 years old) (mean ± SD, 16.05 ± 1.18 years) participated in the survey. The data were collected in the 2018/2019 academic year, and it was compared with the national data. The correlation between the performance indicators of the NETFIT® tests and the physical characteristic indicators was analyzed using the two-block Partial Least Squares method. In the resulting groups, Kruskal–Wallis variance analysis was performed to investigate the differences in performance. In contrast, pairs of group differences were tested with the Mann–Whitney test. Boys with a short physique were at some advantage in trunk-lifts and push-ups, compared to taller boys. It was also obvious that being overweight is a hindrance regarding the PACER test or the standing broad jump. The handgrip in the left and right hand was mostly of similar strength or weakness. Tall-heavy children performed better in this test. The grip strength of tall-thin students was also strong, but not as strong as in the tall-heavy group. Reducing the percentage of body fat (PBF) and creating the optimal BMI index is important for the younger age group, as our results have clearly demonstrated that overweight is a hindrance in the PACER, VO2 max, standing broad jump, back-saver sit-and-reach, and push-up tests.

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“…In addition, inactivity is considered a risk factor related to some diseases such as obesity and diabetes [2,3]. Indeed, in recent years, several investigations have revealed a considerable decrease in the physical fitness levels of adolescents and children [4][5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Higher Running Speed and Cardiovascular Endurance Are Associated with Greater Level of Academic Achievement in Urban Catalan Primary School Children

et al. 2022

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The purpose of the present study was to determine the relationship between physical fitness and academic achievement in a sample of primary-school children. Data of 116 sixth-grade primary-school students (68 girls, 48 boys) from Barcelona (Catalonia, Spain) with a mean (SD) age of 11.4 years (0.4) was analyzed. To determine academic achievement, proficiency scores in the subjects Catalan language, Spanish language, English language, and Maths were derived from the Test de Compètencies Bàsiques. Physical fitness was assessed using the Cooper test (aerobic capacity), 20-m sprint test (linear velocity), and 4 × 10-m test (agility). The results showed that participants with a higher performance in the Cooper and 20-m sprint tests had significantly better academic achievement in the assessed subjects (p < 0.05; d range = 0.93 to −2.98). The findings of this investigation are interesting from a curricular perspective since a positive association between academic achievement and physical fitness indicates a strong reason to raise the physical education status in educational systems, a subject that has traditionally been considered less important by the educational community.

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Temporal trend of cardiorespiratory endurance in urban Catalan high school students over a 20 year period

Cited by 7 publications

References 49 publications

Physical, Psychological, and Body Composition Differences between Active and Sedentary Adolescents According to the “Fat but Fit” Paradigm

Physical, Psychological, and Body Composition Differences between Active and Sedentary Adolescents According to the “Fat but Fit” Paradigm

Correlations between Physical Fitness and Body Composition among Boys Aged 14–18—Conclusions of a Case Study to Reverse the Worsening Secular Trend in Fitness among Urban Youth Due to Sedentary Lifestyles

Higher Running Speed and Cardiovascular Endurance Are Associated with Greater Level of Academic Achievement in Urban Catalan Primary School Children

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