Temporal Trends and Molecular Epidemiology of HIV-1 Infection in Taiwan From 1988 to 1998

Chen, Yi Ming A.; Huang, Kui Li; Jen, Ian; Chen, Shou Chien; Liu, Yuan Chin; Chuang, Yin Chin; C, Wong J; Tsai, Jih Jin; Lan, Yu

doi:10.1097/00042560-200103010-00011

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In this study, we found that 97.9% of all infections were caused by subtype B. This was not surprising given that previous reports had already established B as the most predominant subtype among Taiwanese MSM [ 14 , 37 , 38 ]. Of the non-subtype B infections, 2% was attributed to CRF01_AE.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Molecular Epidemiology of HIV-1 Infection among Men who Have Sex with Men in Taiwan in 2012

Huang

Wang

Cowó³

et al. 2015

PLoS ONE

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The number of men who have sex with men (MSM) infected with HIV-1 in Taiwan has increased rapidly in the past few years. The goal of this study was to conduct a molecular epidemiological study of HIV-1 infection among MSM in Taiwan to identify risk factors for intervention. Voluntary counseling program and anonymous testing were provided to patrons at 1 gay bar, 7 night clubs and 3 gay saunas in Taipei and New Taipei Cities in 2012. HIV-1 subtypes were determined using gag subtype-specific PCR and phylogenetic analysis by env sequences. Recent HIV-1 infection was determined using LAg-Avidity EIA. In-depth interviews and questionnaires were used to identify risk factors. The prevalence and incidence of HIV-1 among MSM in Taiwan were 4.38% (53/1,208) and 3.29 per 100 person-years, respectively. Of 49 cases genotyped, 48 (97.9%) were infected with subtype B and 1 with CRF01_AE (2%). Phylogenetic analysis of 46 HIV-1 strains showed that 25 (54.4%) subtype B strains formed 9 clusters with each other or with other local strains. The CRF01_AE case clustered with a reference strain from a Thai blood donor with bootstrap value of 99. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that risk factors associated with HIV-1 infection included use of oil-based solution as lubricant (vs. saliva or water-based lubricants, OR= 4.23; p <0.001); exclusively receptive role (vs. insertive role, OR= 9.69; p <0.001); versatile role (vs. insertive role, OR= 6.45; p= 0.003); oral sex (vs. insertive role, OR= 11.93; p= 0.044); times of sexual contact per week (2-3 vs. zero per week, OR= 3.41; p= 0.021); illegal drug use (OR= 4.12; p <0.001); and history of sexually transmitted diseases (OR= 3.65; p= 0.002). In conclusion, there was no new HIV-1 subtype or circulating recombinant form responsible for the increase of HIV-1 among MSM in Taiwan in 2012. Misuse of oil-based solution as lubricant is a new risk factor identified among MSM in Taiwan. The Taiwan’s Centers for Disease Control has created a video (www.youtube.com/watch?v=BinExvvOTMM&feature=iv&src_vid=BW81-PfmY3E&annotation_id=annotation_2436493705) to correct such misconception in its AIDS prevention campaign.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Molecular Epidemiology of HIV-1 Infection among Men who Have Sex with Men in Taiwan in 2012

Huang

Wang

Cowó³

et al. 2015

PLoS ONE

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“…Risk factor analyses showed that more than 50% of the HIV-1/AIDS patients were men who have sex with men (MSM) and about 25% were injection drug users (IDUs) [5] . In terms of subtype distribution, subtype B, CRF01_AE and CRF07_BC were predominant in MSM, heterosexuals, and IDUs respectively [6] – [10] . There are an estimated 60,000 to 100,000 IDUs in Taiwan and about 15% of them are infected with HIV-1 [9] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patients Infected with CRF07_BC Have Significantly Lower Viral Loads than Patients with HIV-1 Subtype B: Mechanism and Impact on Disease Progression

et al. 2014

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The circulating recombinant form (CRF) 07_BC is the most prevalent HIV-1 strain among injection drug users (IDUs) in Taiwan. It contains a 7 amino-acid deletion in its p6gag. We conducted a cohort study to compare viral loads and CD4 cell count changes between patients infected with subtype B and CRF07_BC and to elucidate its mechanism. Twenty-one patients infected with CRF07_BC and 59 patients with subtype B were selected from a cohort of 667 HIV-1/AIDS patients whom have been followed up for 3 years. Generalized estimated equation was used to analyze their clinical data and the results showed that patients infected with CRF07_BC had significantly lower viral loads (about 58,000 copies per ml less) than patients with subtype B infection (p = 0.002). The replicative capacity of nine CRF07_BC and four subtype B isolates were compared and the results showed that the former had significantly lower replicative capacity than the latter although all of them were CCR5- tropic and non-syncytium inducing viruses. An HIV-1-NL4-3 mutant virus which contains a 7 amino-acid deletion in p6gag (designated as 7d virus) was generated and its live cycle was investigated. The results showed that 7d virus had significantly lower replication capacity, poorer protease-mediated processing and viral proteins production. Electron microscopic examination of cells infected with wild-type or 7d virus demonstrated that the 7d virus had poorer and slower viral maturation processes: more viruses attached to the cell membrane and higher proportion of immature virions outside the cells. The interaction between p6gag and Alix protein was less efficient in cells infected with 7d virus. In conclusion, patients infected with CRF07_BC had significantly lower viral loads than patients infected with subtype B and it may due to the deletion of 7 amino acids which overlaps with Alix protein-binding domain of the p6gag.

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“…At the same time, we also discovered that local HIV-1 strains had significant env sequence correlations with Thailand and Hong Kong strains, suggesting that HIV-1 may be transmitted through factors such as tourism and business events, and indirectly transmitted to the Taiwanese MSM population. In addition, from past observations, the dominantHIV-1 subtype of the MSM population in Taiwan is subtype B [21, 22]. The dominant HIV-1 subtype of sex workers, prostitute customers, and heterosexual populations is CRF01_AE.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Molecular epidemiology of HIV-1 infection among men who have sex with men in Taiwan from 2013 to 2015

Chen

Huang

et al. 2018

PLoS ONE

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Men who have sex with men (MSM) is the major risk population of HIV-1 infection in Taiwan, and its surveillance has become critical in HIV-1 prevention. We recruited MSM subjects from 17 high-risk venues and 4 community centers in northern and southern Taiwan for anonymous HIV-1 screening during 2013–2015. Blood samples were obtained for genotyping and phylogenetic analysis, and a questionnaire survey covering demographic variables and social behavior was conducted. In total, 4,675 subjects were enrolled, yielding a HIV-1 prevalence rate of 4.3% (201/4675). Eight risk factors including subjects who did not always use condoms (OR = 1.509, p = 0.0123), those who used oil-based lubricants (OR = 1.413, p = 0.0409), and those who used recreational drugs (OR = 2.182, p = < .0001) had a higher risk of HIV-1 infection. The annual prevalence and incidence of HIV-1 showed a downward trend from 2013 to 2015 (6.56%, 5.97 per 100 person-years in 2013; 4.53%, 3.97 per 100 person-years in 2014; 1.84%, 2.08 per 100 person-years in 2015). Factors such as always using condoms, water-based lubricant use, correct knowledge of lubricating substitutes, and recreational drug use were significantly associated with the trend of incidence. Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that the cross-regional and international interaction of the local MSM population may have facilitated transmission of HIV. This survey of high-risk venues showed decreased prevalence and incidence of HIV-1 infection in Taiwan from 2013 to 2015, and this may be related to changes in behavioral patterns. Moreover, cross-regional interaction and recreational drug use need to be considered in future surveillance.

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Temporal Trends and Molecular Epidemiology of HIV-1 Infection in Taiwan From 1988 to 1998

Cited by 11 publications

References 17 publications

Molecular Epidemiology of HIV-1 Infection among Men who Have Sex with Men in Taiwan in 2012

Molecular Epidemiology of HIV-1 Infection among Men who Have Sex with Men in Taiwan in 2012

Patients Infected with CRF07_BC Have Significantly Lower Viral Loads than Patients with HIV-1 Subtype B: Mechanism and Impact on Disease Progression

Molecular epidemiology of HIV-1 infection among men who have sex with men in Taiwan from 2013 to 2015

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