Temporal turnover of the soil microbiome composition is guild‐specific

Abstract

Although spatial and temporal variation are both important components structuring microbial communities, the exact quantification of temporal turnover rates of fungi and bacteria has not been performed to date. In this study, we utilised repeated resampling of bacterial and fungal communities at specific locations across multiple years to describe their patterns and rates of temporal turnover. Our results show that microbial communities undergo temporal change at a rate of 0.010–0.025 per year (in units of Sorensen similarity), and the change in soil is slightly faster in fungi than in bacteria, with bacterial communities changing more rapidly in litter than soil. Importantly, temporal development differs across fungal guilds and bacterial phyla with different ecologies. While some microbial guilds show consistent responses across regional locations, others show site‐specific development with weak general patterns. These results indicate that guild‐level resolution is important for understanding microbial community assembly, dynamics and responses to environmental factors.

Tardigrade Community Microbiomes in North American Orchards Include Putative Endosymbionts and Plant Pathogens

“…Contrast four determined that the tardigrade community microbiome is temporally dynamic, changing significantly on the same trees from 2019 to 2020 ( Table 2 ; Figure 1 ). Again, this may be due to changes in habitat microbiome, as microbiota of other substrates (e.g., soil and litter) are known to vary across years due to changing environmental factors such as nutrient availability ( Martinović et al, 2021 ). This variation may also be due to temporal changes in the tardigrade community composition; although tardigrade species present may remain consistent in a location over years, their relative abundances shift in part due to changes in rainfall, humidity, and temperature ( Schuster and Greven, 2007 ).…”

Spatiotemporal dynamics and functional characteristics of the composition of the main fungal taxa in the root microhabitat of Calanthe sieboldii (Orchidaceae)

“…Furthermore, because studies of seasonal changes in endophytic fungal communities typically only consider sequential sampling for a few months of the year [26,27,29,60], we were unable to determine whether the dynamics of these fungal communities truly reflected seasonal changes or simply reflected the fact that the fungal community was changing at a certain rate. Microbial communities, for example, change at a rate of 0.010-0.025 per year, with fungi changing slightly faster than bacteria in the soil, about 2.5 times faster than soil bacteria [62]. Our results do not demonstrate a seasonal preference for high fungal diversity; our results simply reflect that the 2019 fruiting and 2021 flowering periods had greater fungal diversity than other periods.…”

Plant spatial aggregation modulates the interplay between plant competition and pollinator attraction with contrasting outcomes of plant fitness

“…Such correlation in conspecific individuals across scales connects pollinator attraction, and therefore the mutualistic effect of floral visits (Ghazoul, 2006;Bruninga-Socolar and Branam, 2022;de Jager et al, 2022), with the negative competitive effect of dense local neighborhoods (Albor et al, 2019;Underwood et al, 2020). This connection highlights the fact that individual reproductive success, and therefore the persistence of populations, is a matter of not only the degree of temporal autocorrelation (e.g., Lyberger et al, 2021;Martinović et al, 2021) but also the degree of spatial autocorrelation. However, the spatial effects documented here are little explored in other systems, and therefore, we point out a need to better integrate observational data with solid theory that connects plant-pollinator systems with multiple trophic interactions in a more comprehensive framework of plant population dynamics.…”