Temporal variation of daily activity on pollinator and frugivorous birds simultaneously interacting with a specialized mistletoe

Fernández, Victoria P.; Fontúrbel, Francisco E.

doi:10.1007/s42974-021-00050-x

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…2021). Despite the absence of vegetative structures, T. aphyllus is easily distinguishable in the field as it has long flowering and fruiting periods (Fernández & Fontúrbel 2021) and the chance of us missing some mistletoes during our census is rather low. In the case of T. verticillatus , host availability is determined by environmental conditions, thus host distribution is limited to south‐facing slopes and ravines, where temperatures are lower and humidity is higher, allowing shrubs and trees to establish.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2010). Despite not having visible vegetative parts, this endoparasitic mistletoe is easily distinguishable because it has long flowering and fruiting periods (March to August and May to November, respectively) and during the non‐reproductive months (December to February) dry peduncles remain (Fernández & Fontúrbel 2021). This plant grows mostly associated with some cactus species (Medel et al .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, T. aphyllus has no leaves, inflorescences are located at the apex of the branches, fruits are ellipsoidal berries, whitish with red tints (Marticorena et al 2010). Despite not having visible vegetative parts, this endoparasitic mistletoe is easily distinguishable because it has long flowering and fruiting periods (March to August and May to November, respectively) and during the non-reproductive months (December to February) dry peduncles remain (Fern andez & Font urbel 2021). This plant grows mostly associated with some cactus species (Medel et al 2002), Leucostele chiloensis and Eulychnia acida being its most frequent hosts (Marticorena et al 2010).…”

Section: Study Site and Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatial aggregation patterns in four mistletoe species: ecological and environmental determinants

Ojeda,

Arancibia,

Gómez

et al. 2023

Plant Biol J

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Plant spatial distribution is an important topic in ecology as it determines species coexistence and biodiversity dynamics. Usually, plants show clustered distributions in nature. Mistletoes are a good example of aggregated distributions, as they form dense aggregations due to several factors (availability of competent hosts, seed dispersal vectors, microclimate conditions). We analysed four native mistletoe species with divergent life histories and host ranges: Desmaria mutabilis and Tristerix corymbosus from the temperate rainforests of southern Chile; and Tristerix aphyllus and Tristerix verticillatus from the northern semi‐desert zone. While T. corymbosus and T. verticillatus have a wide host range, T. aphyllus and D. mutabilis are specialists that can parasitize only a few plant species. We hypothesized that specialized species would be more aggregated due to ecological and environmental restrictions. We used heterogeneous Poisson models to quantify spatial aggregation. Three of the four mistletoe species were spatially clustered at both environments, with aggregation being stronger in the temperate rainforest of southern Chile and particularly in the host‐specialist species. Our results suggest that environmental constraints are more important than ecological constraints (host range) in shaping mistletoe spatial structure. Mistletoe aggregated spatial distribution depends primarily on the environment that they inhabit, which conditions host spatial availability, and arrangement.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Site and Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Spatial aggregation patterns in four mistletoe species: ecological and environmental determinants

Ojeda,

Arancibia,

Gómez

et al. 2023

Plant Biol J

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“…We plotted the fruit ripening phenology of plants and birds foraging in different months based on field observations, then summarized the connection for each season, calculated the proportion of the total seasonal connection to the total network, and computed the network parameters using the function "networklevel" in the "bipartite" package version 2.16. We characterized the structure of weighted interaction network using the following five statistics: (1) Connectance (C), which is the realized proportion of possible links [53] and represents the global density of interactions or the connectivity within the network; (2) Nestedness (nestedness), which describes the degree to which the interactions of less connected species are a subset of those of more connected species, we calculated nestedness for binary network [54]; (3) Specialization (H 2 ), which describes the complementarity of interaction, that is, when species are specialized on different association partners, H 2 of the entire network increases [55]; (4) Interaction diversity (e H 2 ), a Shannon Index based measure of diversity estimated from interaction frequencies, which reflect whether the links are strong (high interaction frequencies) or weak (low interaction frequencies) [56];…”

Section: Network Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Structure and Characteristics of Plant-Frugivore Network in an Urban Park: A Case Study in Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen

Zhang

Han

et al. 2022

Diversity

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Interaction between animals and plants is an important way to maintain terrestrial biodiversity and ecosystem function, but little is known about the structure of reciprocal networks between fruit plants and frugivore birds in urban habitats. To explore the characteristics of the plant–frugivore network and network roles of species, we observed the fruit ripening phenology of 21 species of fruit plants and the interactions between these plants and 39 species of frugivore birds during the whole year in a large urban park. Then, we assessed the characteristics of the total plant–frugivore and seasonal networks, and analyzed the network roles of species and the relationship between their network roles and ecological traits. Fruit ripened mainly in autumn and winter, and interaction connections in the two seasons contributed 39.68% and 44.83% to the total network, respectively. The specialization (H2′), connectance (C), nestedness, and interaction evenness (eH2) of the network were lower in autumn and winter, while the interaction diversity was higher. Compared with the networks (N = 1000) generated by the null model, the observed network exhibited higher nestedness and interaction diversity (E2) and lower specialization (H2′), connectance (C), and interaction evenness (eH2). A correlation analysis combining ecological traits and network roles showed that plants with black fruit had higher effective partners and partner diversity, while other traits of plants and birds were not significantly correlated with their network parameters. The important plants (N = 6) and birds (N = 3) contributed to 71.78% and 67.55% of the total network connection, they were mainly evergreen plants with black and red drupes and omnivorous generalist birds with medium and large sizes. Our research highlighted the seasonal differences in urban plant–frugivore network and the value of important species in maintaining network structures and providing ecosystem services.

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Reconstruction and variability of tropical pollination networks in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

et al. 2022

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Loss of biodiversity comprehends not only the extinction of individual species, but also the loss of the ecological interactions among them. Survival of species, continuation of ecosystem functioning in nature, and ecosystem services to humans depend on the maintenance of well-functioning networks of species interactions (e.g. plant–pollinator networks and food webs). Analyses of ecological networks often rely on biased and incomplete survey data, especially in species-rich areas, such as the tropics. We used a network inference method to reconstruct pollination data compiled from a large tropical rainforest habitat extent. To gain insight into the characteristics of plant–pollinator interactions across the region, we combined the reconstructed pollination network with species distribution modelling to obtain local pollination networks throughout the area. We explored how global network properties relate to natural forest cover and land cover heterogeneity. We found that some network properties (the sum and evenness of link weights, connectance and nestedness) are positively correlated with forest cover, indicating that networks in sites with more natural habitat have greater diversity of interactions. Modularity was not related to forest cover, but seemed to reflect habitat heterogeneity, due to the broad spatial scale of the study. We believe that the methodology suggested here can facilitate the use of incomplete network data in a reliable way and allow us to better understand and protect networks of species interactions in high biodiversity regions of the world.

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Temporal variation of daily activity on pollinator and frugivorous birds simultaneously interacting with a specialized mistletoe

Cited by 4 publications

References 38 publications

Spatial aggregation patterns in four mistletoe species: ecological and environmental determinants

Spatial aggregation patterns in four mistletoe species: ecological and environmental determinants

Structure and Characteristics of Plant-Frugivore Network in an Urban Park: A Case Study in Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen

Reconstruction and variability of tropical pollination networks in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

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