Temporal variation of VOC emission from solvent and water based wood stains

Gennaro, Gianluigi de; Loiotile, Annamaria Demarinis; Fracchiolla, Roberta; Palmisani, Jolanda; Saracino, Maria Rosaria; Tutino, Maria

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.04.021

Cited by 23 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…After breath collection, samples were either promptly transferred to a sorbent tube or sample bags were stored at room temperature and protected from direct sunlight and heat sources for a time period not longer than 1 h before the breath sample was transferred to a sorbent tube. In order to improve the breath analysis performance by making the analytical approach more specific for breath samples, the whole methodology, including VOCs sampling and pre-concentration on sorbent tube followed by thermal desorption and determination of VOCs by GC/MS analysis, was revised with respect to that reported in the previous works published by de Gennaro et al [21,23]. In particular, more specific adsorbents for packing sorbent tubes and a cold trap were chosen in order to better manage wet samples.…”

Section: Breath Sample Collection and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Breath Analysis for Early Detection of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Determination and Possible Biochemical Pathways

Gilio

Catino

Lombardi

et al. 2020

Cancers

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Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare neoplasm, mainly caused by asbestos exposure, with a high mortality rate. The management of patients with MPM is controversial due to a long latency period between exposure and diagnosis and because of non-specific symptoms generally appearing at advanced stage of the disease. Breath analysis, aimed at the identification of diagnostic Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) pattern in exhaled breath, is believed to improve early detection of MPM. Therefore, in this study, breath samples from 14 MPM patients and 20 healthy controls (HC) were collected and analyzed by Thermal Desorption-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (TD-GC/MS). Nonparametric test allowed to identify the most weighting variables to discriminate between MPM and HC breath samples and multivariate statistics were applied. Considering that MPM is an aggressive neoplasm leading to a late diagnosis and thus the recruitment of patients is very difficult, a promising data mining approach was developed and validated in order to discriminate between MPM patients and healthy controls, even if no large population data are available. Three different machine learning algorithms were applied to perform the classification task with a leave-one-out cross-validation approach, leading to remarkable results (Area Under Curve AUC = 93%). Ten VOCs, such as ketones, alkanes and methylate derivates, as well as hydrocarbons, were able to discriminate between MPM patients and healthy controls and for each compound which resulted diagnostic for MPM, the metabolic pathway was studied in order to identify the link between VOC and the neoplasm. Moreover, five breath samples from asymptomatic asbestos-exposed persons (AEx) were exploratively analyzed, processed and tested by the validated statistical method as blinded samples in order to evaluate the performance for the early recognition of patients affected by MPM among asbestos-exposed persons. Good agreement was found between the information obtained by gold-standard diagnostic methods such as computed tomography CT and model output.

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Section: Breath Sample Collection and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Breath Analysis for Early Detection of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Determination and Possible Biochemical Pathways

Gilio

Catino

Lombardi

et al. 2020

Cancers

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“…In fact, enhanced ventilation may be a key element to face the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in enclosed environments, especially, in a densely seated classroom. In the last decade, a growing number of studies have demonstrated that inadequate ventilation conditions and poor indoor air quality (IAQ) are very likely to occur in classrooms ( Baloch et al, 2020 ; Di Gilio et al, 2017 ; Annesi-Maesano et al, 2012 ; de Gennaro et al, 2013 , 2014 , 2015 , 2014 ). In fact, most schools are not equipped with pre-installed Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning systems (HVAC) and thus, venting is usually done by opening the windows during the breaks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CO2 concentration monitoring inside educational buildings as a strategic tool to reduce the risk of Sars-CoV-2 airborne transmission

Gilio

Palmisani

Pulimeno³

et al. 2021

Environmental Research

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128

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In order to avoid SARS-CoV-2 transmission inside educational buildings and promote the safe reopening of schools, the Italian Government, in line with the other European countries and in accordance with the WHO recommendations, adopted a contingency plan including actions able to guarantee adequate air ventilation in classrooms. Therefore, in this pilot study, a surveillance activity based on the real-time monitoring of CO 2 levels as a proxy of SARS-CoV-2 transmission risk, was conducted inside 9 schools (11 classrooms) located in Apulia Region (South of Italy) during the reopening of schools after the lockdown due to COVID-19 pandemic. More specifically, monitoring activities and data treatment were conducted to evaluate the initial scenario inside the classrooms (first stage of evaluation) and the potential improvements obtained by applying a detailed operating protocol of air ventilation based on specific actions and the simultaneous real time visualization of CO 2 levels by non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) sensors (second stage of evaluation). Although, during the first evaluation stage, air ventilation through the opening of windows and doors was guaranteed, 6 (54%) classrooms showed mean values of CO 2 higher than 1000 ppm and all classrooms exceeded the recommended CO 2 concentration limit value of 700 ppm. The development and implementation of tailored ventilation protocol including the real time visualization of CO 2 levels allowed to depict better scenariosAn overall improvement of CO 2 levels was indeed registered for all classrooms where teachers were compliant and helpful in the management of the air ventilation strategy. Therefore, this study reports the first evidence-based measures demonstrating that, with the exception of few environments affected by structural limits, the real-time visualization and monitoring of CO2 concentrations allowes effective air exchanges to be implemented and contributes to prevent SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Moreover, on the basis of the monitoring outcomes and in order to ensure adequate air ventilation in educational buildings, a 4 level-risk classification including specific corrective actions for each level was provided.

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“…The breath samples collected by the different approaches previously mentioned were then analyzed by gas-chromatography coupled with a mass spectrometer combined with a thermal desorption (TD-GC/MS). In order to improve the Breath Analysis performance by making the analytical approach more specific for breath samples, the entire methodology, including VOCs sampling and pre-concentration on sorbent tube followed by thermal desorption and determination of VOCs by GC/MS analysis, was optimized with respect to our previous studies [ 6 , 38 , 39 ]. In particular, specific adsorbents for packing sorbent tubes and a cold trap were chosen in order to better manage wet samples.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breath Analysis: Comparison among Methodological Approaches for Breath Sampling

et al. 2020

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Despite promising results obtained in the early diagnosis of several pathologies, breath analysis still remains an unused technique in clinical practice due to the lack of breath sampling standardized procedures able to guarantee a good repeatability and comparability of results. The most diffuse on an international scale breath sampling method uses polymeric bags, but, recently, devices named Mistral and ReCIVA, able to directly concentrate volatile organic compounds (VOCs) onto sorbent tubes, have been developed and launched on the market. In order to explore performances of these new automatic devices with respect to sampling in the polymeric bag and to study the differences in VOCs profile when whole or alveolar breath is collected and when pulmonary wash out with clean air is done, a tailored experimental design was developed. Three different breath sampling approaches were compared: (a) whole breath sampling by means of Tedlar bags, (b) the end-tidal breath collection using the Mistral sampler, and (c) the simultaneous collection of the whole and alveolar breath by using the ReCIVA. The obtained results showed that alveolar fraction of breath was relatively less affected by ambient air (AA) contaminants (p-values equal to 0.04 for Mistral and 0.002 for ReCIVA Low) with respect to whole breath (p-values equal to 0.97 for ReCIVA Whole). Compared to Tedlar bags, coherent results were obtained by using Mistral while lower VOCs levels were detected for samples (both breath and AA) collected by ReCIVA, likely due to uncorrected and fluctuating flow rates applied by this device. Finally, the analysis of all data also including data obtained by explorative analysis of the unique lung cancer (LC) breath sample showed that a clean air supply might determine a further confounding factor in breath analysis considering that lung wash-out is species-dependent.

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Temporal variation of VOC emission from solvent and water based wood stains

Cited by 23 publications

References 8 publications

Breath Analysis for Early Detection of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Determination and Possible Biochemical Pathways

Breath Analysis for Early Detection of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Determination and Possible Biochemical Pathways

CO2 concentration monitoring inside educational buildings as a strategic tool to reduce the risk of Sars-CoV-2 airborne transmission

Breath Analysis: Comparison among Methodological Approaches for Breath Sampling

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