Temporal variations in the fractionation of the rare earth elements in a boreal river; the role of colloidal particles.

Ingri, Johan; Widerlund, Anders; Land, Magnus; Gustafsson, Örjan; Andersson, Per; Öhlander, Björn

doi:10.1016/s0009-2541(99)00178-3

Cited by 237 publications

(164 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Humic acid is another important constituent in a natural aquifer that can influence the REE behavior in the hydrosphere. [11][12][13][14] The relation between the REE patterns and the REE species at the solid-water interface was consistent with spectroscopic data obtained by laser-induced fluorescence for Eu(III) and Cm(III) species at the solid-water interface. These REE (rare earth element) distribution coefficients (Kd) between the aqueous phase and montmorillonite surface were obtained to investigate the relation between the REE distribution patterns and the species of REE sorbed on the solidwater interface.…”

supporting

confidence: 87%

Distribution Pattern of Rare Earth Ions between Water and Montmorillonite and Its Relation to the Sorbed Species of the Ions

2004

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Speciation is important for describing chemical reactions in the environment and for estimating the environmental behavior of metal ions. For REE and actinides(III), particulate matter can be the main carrier governing their migration in a natural aquifer in addition to complexed species in an aqueous phase. [1][2][3] However, the chemical species of REE or actinides(III) at a solid-water interface is still not clearly understood on a molecular scale. Although the complexed species in an aqueous phase can be easily assessed by solution chemistry data, 3,4 the complex nature of particulate matter often prevents us from precisely describing the sorption reaction of REE, or actinides(III). Regarding this point, the REE distribution patterns plotting the distribution coefficients between the solid and aqueous phases in the order of atomic number could be a clue to clarify the REE species at the solid-water interface, since the REE distribution patterns reflect the chemical species of REE at the solid-water interface due to a systematic variation of the chemical character across the REE series. In this study, we investigated the possibility of using the REE distribution patterns to estimate the species of REE, or actinides(III), at a montmorillonite-water interface as an example of a solid-water system in a natural aquifer.It is considered that three features in the REE (including Y) patterns can be useful to estimate the REE species at the solidwater interface: (1) the slope of the REE pattern, (2) the tetrad effect, and (3) the Y/Ho ratio, the details of which are described in the next section. Although the sorption of selected REE on montmorillonite has been studied, [5][6][7][8] there have been few studies on the sorption of a complete REE series where REE patterns are employed to estimate the sorbed species, despite that REE patterns are highly relevant to the REE species. A part of the results were presented in Takahashi et al., but Y data were not included. 9 A similar aspect was also presented by Coppin et al., suggesting a correlation between the slope of the REE pattern and the REE species sorbed on clay minerals. 10 However, Coppin et al. have not clearly referred to the effectiveness of using the tetrad effect or the Y/Ho ratio for REE speciation, which is discussed in the present study. 10 Here, it is reported that the variation of the REE patterns is closely correlated with structural information on REE at the montmorillonite-water interface. In addition, the variation of the REE distribution patterns in the presence of humic acid was also included in this paper. Humic acid is another important constituent in a natural aquifer that can influence the REE behavior in the hydrosphere. [11][12][13][14] The relation between the REE patterns and the REE species at the solid-water interface was consistent with spectroscopic data obtained by laser-induced fluorescence for Eu(III) and Cm(III) species at the solid-water interface. These REE (rare earth element) distribution coefficients (Kd) between the aqueous p...

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confidence: 87%

Distribution Pattern of Rare Earth Ions between Water and Montmorillonite and Its Relation to the Sorbed Species of the Ions

2004

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“…11). The indications of two separate colloidal carrier phases, Fe (iron oxyhydroxides) and C (humic substances), in the Kalix River has been discussed previously (Ingri et al, 2000). Organic (humics) and inorganic (Fe-rich) colloidal carrier phases have also been identified in other freshwaters along the Swedish west coast.…”

Section: Flfff Resultsmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…About 60% of the water in the nearby Torne River drains via a bifurcation into the Kalix River, and together these two rivers constitute the largest unregulated river system in northern Europe. In earlier studies of the Kalix River by ultrafiltration, indications of two dominant colloidal phases were found; an organic-rich phase, probably consisting of humic material, and an Fe-rich (Fe-oxyhydroxides) inorganic phase (Ingri et al, 2000).…”

mentioning

confidence: 91%

Association of calcium with colloidal particles and speciation of calcium in the Kalix and Amazon rivers

Dahlqvist

Benedetti

Andersson

et al. 2004

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

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Abstract-A considerable amount of colloidally bound Ca has been detected in water samples from Amazonian rivers and the Kalix River, a sub-arctic boreal river. Fractionation experiments using several analytical techniques and processing tools were conducted in order to elucidate the matter. Results show that on average 84% of the total Ca concentration is present as free Ca. Particulate, colloidal and complexed Ca constitute the remaining 16%, of which the colloidal fraction is significant. Ultrafiltration experiments show that the colloidal fraction in the sampled Amazonian rivers and the Kalix River range between 1% and 25%.In both the Amazonian and the Kalix rivers the technique of cross-flow ultrafiltration was used to isolate particles and colloids. The difference in concentration measured with ICP-AES and a Ca ion-selective electrode in identical samples was used to define the free Ca concentration and thus indirectly the magnitude of the particulate, colloidal and complexed fractions. Results from the Kalix and Amazonian rivers are in excellent agreement. Furthermore, the results show that the colloidal concentrations of Ca can be greatly overestimated (up to 227%) when conventional analysis and calculation of ultrafiltration data is used due to retention of free Ca ions during the ultrafiltration process. Calculation methods for colloidal matter are presented in this work, using complementary data from ISE analysis.In the Kalix River temporal changes in the fractionation of Ca were studied before, during and after a spring-flood event. Changes in the size distribution of colloidally associated Ca was studied using FlFFF (Flow Field-Flow Fractionation) coupled on-line to a HR ICP-MS. The FlFFF-HR ICP-MS fractograms clearly show the colloidal component of Ca, supporting the ultrafiltration findings. During winter conditions the size distribution of colloidally associated Ca has a concentration maximum at ϳ5 to 10 nm in diameter, shifting to smaller sizes (Ͻ5 nm) during and after the spring flood. This shift in size distribution follows a change in the river during this period from ironoxyhydroxy colloids being the most important colloidal carrier phase to humic substances during and after the spring flood.WHAM and NICA-Donnan models were used to calculate the amount of colloidally bound Ca. The results similar for both models, show that on average 16% of the Ca may be associated to a colloidal phase, which is in broad agreement with the measurements.

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“…A stack diagram of element proportion in colloidal form is illustrated in Figure 2A. The affinity of chemical elements towards colloidal fraction is fairly well documented in many boreal rivers and streams (e.g., Ingri et al, 2000;Pokrovsky and Schott, 2002;Pokrovsky et al, 2006;Dahlqvist et al, 2007;Vasyukova et al, 2010), and is most likely linked to their presence in the form of Fe-rich, organic-matter stabilized aggregates of large (10 kDa -0.22 mm) molecular weight. This is further illustrated by ultrafiltration pattern of TE partitioning in colloids assessed from the experiments performed at the wetland surface water adjacent to the lake Vilno (Fig.…”

Section: Element Speciation In Colloidsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Diurnal variations of trace metals and heterotrophic bacterioplankton concentration in a small boreal lake of the White Sea basin

Shirokova

Pokrovsky

Viers

et al. 2010

Ann. Limnol. - Int. J. Lim.

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-This work represents a concerted effort aimed at understanding the microbiological and chemical evolution of a small boreal lake during the diurnal cycle of photosynthesis. We studied diurnal variation of y 40 dissolved macro-and trace elements, organic carbon and bacterial population dynamics in the surface and bottom water layer of the shallow Vilno Lake in the White Sea basin. Four-days continuous measurements with 6 h sampling steps both at the surface (0.5 m) and on the bottom (4.0 m depth) during no-bloom periods revealed constant concentrations (within ¡ 20-30%) of all major elements (Na, Mg, Si, K, Ca), organic and inorganic carbon and most trace elements (B, V, Cr, Fe, Cu, Ga, As, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Sb, Cs, Ba, all REEs, Hf, Pb, Th, U). At the same time, the concentration of some biologically important trace metals (Mo, Mn, Co, Cd) was subjected to variations partially reflecting the change of bacterioplankton concentration. This work enables two types of element behavior to be distinguished during photosynthesis in the water column -constant concentration and sinusoidal variations -depending on their speciation in solution and their affinity to aquatic microorganisms.

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Temporal variations in the fractionation of the rare earth elements in a boreal river; the role of colloidal particles.

Cited by 237 publications

References 29 publications

Distribution Pattern of Rare Earth Ions between Water and Montmorillonite and Its Relation to the Sorbed Species of the Ions

Distribution Pattern of Rare Earth Ions between Water and Montmorillonite and Its Relation to the Sorbed Species of the Ions

Association of calcium with colloidal particles and speciation of calcium in the Kalix and Amazon rivers

Diurnal variations of trace metals and heterotrophic bacterioplankton concentration in a small boreal lake of the White Sea basin

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