Temporal variations of mobile carbohydrates in <i><scp>A</scp>bies fargesii</i> at the upper tree limits

Dang, Hongyue; Zhang, K.R.; Zhang, Q.F.; Xu, Yanqin

doi:10.1111/plb.12191

Cited by 16 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 52 publications

(57 reference statements)

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“…This improved ecophysiological performance is likely favored by the open stand structure and the relatively young ages of the trees in CH stands (Table 1), in addition to the less restrictive environmental conditions (Figure 1; [20,45]). Furthermore, recent studies support that mobile carbon concentrations may increase with elevation [65,66]. For instance, the seasonal dynamics of mobile carbon observed in Abies fargesii Franch., along contrasting elevation, showed that trees growing at higher altitudes show the highest concentrations of NSCs and sugars during the late growing season, compared to those at lower elevations [65].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Carbon Limitation and Drought Sensitivity at Contrasting Elevation and Competition of Abies pinsapo Forests. Does Experimental Thinning Enhance Water Supply and Carbohydrates?

Lechuga

Carraro

Viñegla

et al. 2019

Forests

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Stand-level competition and local climate influence tree responses to increased drought at the regional scale. To evaluate stand density and elevation effects on tree carbon and water balances, we monitored seasonal changes in sap-flow density (SFD), gas exchange, xylem water potential, secondary growth, and non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs) in Abies pinsapo. Trees were subjected to experimental thinning within a low-elevation stand (1200 m), and carbon and water balances were compared to control plots at low and high elevation (1700 m). The hydraulic conductivity and the resistance to cavitation were also characterized, showing relatively high values and no significant differences among treatments. Trees growing at higher elevations presented the highest SFD, photosynthetic rates, and secondary growth, mainly because their growing season was extended until summer. Trees growing at low elevation reduced SFD during late spring and summer while SFD and secondary growth were significantly higher in the thinned stands. Declining NSC concentrations in needles, branches, and sapwood suggest drought-induced control of the carbon supply status. Our results might indicate potential altitudinal shifts, as better performance occurs at higher elevations, while thinning may be suitable as adaptive management to mitigate drought effects in endangered Mediterranean trees.Water uptake and carbon metabolism are limited by drought according to the specific sensitivities of physiological processes, like hydraulic failure, carbon starvation, and phloem transport failure, to declining water availability [10][11][12]. Briefly, hydraulic failure appears to usually be related to a high xylem susceptibility to embolism [13][14][15], whereas carbon starvation is related to isohydric stomatal control [16,17]. Phloem transport failure is relative to carbon starvation and seems to be present when the drought-induced limitation of carbohydrate transport to growth exceeds the drought sensitivity of photosynthesis [12,18]. Consequently, the balance between water supply and demand, on the one hand, and sources and sinks of carbohydrates, on the other hand, characterize the inherent species' drought sensitivity and determine how water and carbon relationships affect tree survival [11,14,19]. Indeed, the timing of this sequential reduction, in functions, such as gas exchange and growth, has been largely related to recent events of forest decline and mortality worldwide [11,[16][17][18][19]. Nonetheless, the functional and structural dynamics of these critical processes in response to competition are still not well understood.We focused on the hydraulic characteristics and seasonal patterns of sap flow density (SFD), gas exchange, secondary growth, and non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) of the drought-sensitive fir Abies pinsapo Boiss [20][21][22][23]. We assumed that xylem vulnerability to embolism places a physical limit for A. pinsapo tolerance to water shortage while the dynamics of NSC would be related to drought sensitivity, for the extent o...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Carbon Limitation and Drought Sensitivity at Contrasting Elevation and Competition of Abies pinsapo Forests. Does Experimental Thinning Enhance Water Supply and Carbohydrates?

Lechuga

Carraro

Viñegla

et al. 2019

Forests

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“…In general, root growth and root NSC storage are lower in the spring than later in the season (Gruber, Pirkebner & Oberhuber ; Dang et al . ). During dormancy, root NSC storage is low and frozen soil likely results in low carbon export to EMF and subsequently higher activity of β‐glucuronidase.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Though fine root NSCs were not correlated to activity of most of the carbon-compound degrading enzymes, changes in root growth and its effects on NSC storage and demand may have influenced enzyme activity of EMF. In general, root growth and root NSC storage are lower in the spring than later in the season (Gruber, Pirkebner & Oberhuber 2013;Dang et al 2014). During dormancy, root NSC storage is low and frozen soil likely results in low carbon export to EMF and subsequently higher activity of b-glucuronidase.…”

Section: H O S T P H E N O L O G Y a N D N O N S T R U C T U R A L C mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…; Dang et al . ), may determine how much sugar is allocated to ectomycorrhizal fungi (Johansson ; Hoch, Richter & Körner ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sugar concentrations were inversely related, with high levels observed during thaw and bud flush, decreasing as the growing season progressed, but increasing again during leaf abscission and ground frost. This pattern, observed in many tree species (Gruber, Pirkebner & Oberhuber 2013;Da Silva et al 2014;Dang et al 2014), may determine how much sugar is allocated to ectomycorrhizal fungi (Johansson 1993;Hoch, Richter & K€ orner 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Host phenology and potential saprotrophism of ectomycorrhizal fungi in the boreal forest

et al. 2016

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Summary Phenology‐induced changes in carbon assimilation by trees may affect carbon stored in fine roots and as a consequence, alter carbon allocated to ectomycorrhizal fungi. Two competing models exist to explain carbon mobilization by ectomycorrhizal fungi. Under the ‘saprotrophy model’, decreased allocation of carbon may induce saprotrophic behaviour in ectomycorrhizal fungi, resulting in the decomposition of organic matter to mobilize carbon. Alternatively, under the ‘nutrient acquisition model’, decomposition may instead be driven by the acquisition of nutrients locked within soil organic matter compounds, with carbon mobilization a secondary process. We tested whether phenology‐induced shifts in carbon reserves of fine roots of aspen (Populus tremuloides) affect potential activity of four carbon‐compound degrading enzymes, β‐glucuronidase, β‐glucosidase, N‐acetylglucosaminidase and laccase, by ectomycorrhizal fungi. Ectomycorrhizal roots from mature aspen were collected across eight stands in north‐eastern Alberta, Canada, and analysed during tree dormancy, leaf flush, full leaf expansion and leaf abscission. We predicted potential extracellular enzyme activity to be highest when root carbon reserves were lowest, should host phenology induce saprotrophism. Further, we anticipated enzyme activity to be mediated by invertase, a plant‐derived enzyme which makes carbon available to fungal symbionts in the plant–fungus interface. Root carbon reserves were positively correlated with invertase, suggesting phenology may affect carbon allocation to ectomycorrhizal fungi. However, of the four enzymes, host phenology had the largest effect on β‐glucuronidase, but activity of this enzyme was not correlated with root carbon reserves or invertase. Low‐biomass ectomycorrhizas had greater potential laccase activity than high‐biomass ectomycorrhizas, highlighting discrete functional traits in fungi for litter decomposition. Our results suggest that the decomposition of organic matter may be driven by foraging by fungi for nutrients locked within organic compounds rather than for mobilizing carbon. Furthermore, the potential ability to degrade lignin was more common in low‐biomass ectomycorrhizas when compared to high‐biomass ectomycorrhizas. A http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1365-2435.12695/suppinfo is available for this article.

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Carbon dynamics in the deciduous broadleaf tree Erman's birch (Betula ermanii) at the subalpine treeline on Changbai Mountain, Northeast China

Wang

Zhou

et al. 2018

American J of Botany

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Temporal variations of mobile carbohydrates in Abies fargesii at the upper tree limits

Cited by 16 publications

References 52 publications

Carbon Limitation and Drought Sensitivity at Contrasting Elevation and Competition of Abies pinsapo Forests. Does Experimental Thinning Enhance Water Supply and Carbohydrates?

Carbon Limitation and Drought Sensitivity at Contrasting Elevation and Competition of Abies pinsapo Forests. Does Experimental Thinning Enhance Water Supply and Carbohydrates?

Host phenology and potential saprotrophism of ectomycorrhizal fungi in the boreal forest

Carbon dynamics in the deciduous broadleaf tree Erman's birch (Betula ermanii) at the subalpine treeline on Changbai Mountain, Northeast China

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