Temporally Jittered Speech Produces Performance Intensity, Phonetically Balanced Rollover in Young Normal-Hearing Listeners

Miranda, Terence T.; Pichora‐Fuller, M. Kathleen

doi:10.1055/s-0040-1715947

Cited by 20 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Another explanation is that speech understanding in NH listeners can exhibit either no change or a small drop in performance with increasing presentation levels (Miranda & Pichora-Fuller, 2002). We did not observe a decrease in the perception of temporal cues with increasing levels in our NH data.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…Decreased neural synchrony may be one of the mechanisms underlying the reduced ability to process temporal cues with increasing levels in CI listeners. For instance, Miranda and Pichora-Fuller (2002) demonstrated that the introduction of temporal jitter to the speech stimuli, a simulation of neural desynchrony, resulted in a decline of word recognition performance at high presentation levels in younger NH listeners. With aging, the retrocochlear neural substrates may be subjected to further pathological changes (Hughes et al, 2010;Makary et al, 2011;Otte et al, 1978;Roque et al, 2019;Sergeyenko et al, 2013;Tremblay et al, 2003;Walton et al, 1998;Willott, 1991), which might exacerbate performance decline with increasing levels in older CI users.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Age-Related Temporal Processing Deficits in Word Segments in Adult Cochlear-Implant Users

et al. 2019

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Aging may limit speech understanding outcomes in cochlear-implant (CI) users. Here, we examined age-related declines in auditory temporal processing as a potential mechanism that underlies speech understanding deficits associated with aging in CI users. Auditory temporal processing was assessed with a categorization task for the words dish and ditch (i.e., identify each token as the word dish or ditch) on a continuum of speech tokens with varying silence duration (0 to 60 ms) prior to the final fricative. In Experiments 1 and 2, younger CI (YCI), middle-aged CI (MCI), and older CI (OCI) users participated in the categorization task across a range of presentation levels (25 to 85 dB). Relative to YCI, OCI required longer silence durations to identify ditch and exhibited reduced ability to distinguish the words dish and ditch (shallower slopes in the categorization function). Critically, we observed age-related performance differences only at higher presentation levels. This contrasted with findings from normal-hearing listeners in Experiment 3 that demonstrated age-related performance differences independent of presentation level. In summary, aging in CI users appears to degrade the ability to utilize brief temporal cues in word identification, particularly at high levels. Age-specific CI programming may potentially improve clinical outcomes for speech understanding performance by older CI listeners.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-Related Temporal Processing Deficits in Word Segments in Adult Cochlear-Implant Users

et al. 2019

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“…We sought a manipulation that would decrease the intelligibility of the word pairs by the same amount as the babble (91% accuracy) but would distort the acoustic form of the words themselves, rather than mask them with a second signal. To do so, we chose to use a jittering procedure (Miranda & Pichora-Fuller, 2002;Pichora-Fuller, Schneider, MacDonald, Pass, & Brown, 2007). To understand how jittering distorts a sound, consider an undistorted signal, y(t).…”

Section: Experiments 4: Distorting the Words-partmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elucidating the effects of ageing on remembering perceptually distorted word pairs

Heinrich

Schneider

2011

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology

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We investigated the effects of age, background babble, and acoustic distortion of the word itself on serial position memory in a series of experiments involving six different auditory environments (quiet, and 12-talker background babble presented between, overlapping, or concurrent with word presentation or with two kinds of distortion applied to the words). To control for hearing, the level of babble or distortion was adjusted so that younger and older adults could hear the words equally well. Although the presence of continuous and word-flanking background babble adversely affected memory in the early serial positions in both age groups, only older adults' memory was adversely affected in the later serial positions. Moreover, younger adults' memory was not affected by acoustic word distortion, whereas one of the two types of temporal distortion adversely affected memory for later serial positions in older adults. The exact pattern of impairment and its interaction with age suggests that memory in older adults is more affected than that in younger adults in complex listening situations because they either need more time or have to employ more attentional resources to segregate different auditory streams, thereby depleting the pool of resources available for memory encoding.

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“…The reconstructed signal, therefore, was x H (t) + y(t). For a more detailed description of the general procedure see Miranda and Pichora-Fuller (2002) .…”

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confidence: 99%

Listening in aging adults: From discourse comprehension to psychoacoustics.

Schneider

Daneman

Pichora-Fuller³

2002

Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology / Revue canadienne

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229

165

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Older adults, whether or not they have clinically significant hearing loss, have more trouble than their younger counterparts understanding speech in everyday life. These age-related difficulties in speech understanding may be attributed to changes in higherlevel cognitive processes such as language comprehension, memory, attention, and cognitive slowing, or to lower-level sensory and perceptual processes. A complicating factor in determining how these sources might contribute to age-related declines in speech understanding is that they are highly correlated. Experimenters have typically focused either on cognitive declines or sensory declines in artificially optimized test conditions. In contrast, our approach focuses on the complex interactions between age-related changes in cognitive and perceptual factors that affect spoken language comprehension, especially in nonideal, realistic conditions. In this article, we describe our attempts to systematically investigate sensory-cognitive interactions in controlled experimental situations. We begin by looking at experimental conditions that closely approximate everyday listening, and show that older adults do indeed experience deficits in spoken language comprehension relative to younger adults in these conditions. We then review further experiments designed to isolate more precisely the cognitive and perceptual sources of these age-related differences and how they vary with listening condition. In large part, we find that agerelated changes in speech understanding are a consequence of auditory declines. As many as one-third of seniors find that it is difficult to understand conversations in everyday listening situations (Hamilton-Wentworth District Health Council, 1988; see also CHABA, 1988). Among the more common complaints are that talkers seem to mumble or talk too fast and that it is hard to hear when it is noisy. In general, it is especially difficult for older adults to follow a conversation when there are multiple talkers, or when talkers or topics change. Because they miss parts of what is said and lack confidence in the accuracy of their understanding of the parts they do hear, older communicators are prone to anxiety or frustration, and may avoid or be excluded from social interactions. The speech understanding difficulties of older listeners may arise from a number of possible sources. The difficulties could be in higher-level cognitive processes such as language comprehension, memory, attention, and cognitive slowing, or they could be in lower-level sensory and perceptual processes. A complicating factor in determining how these sources might contribute to age-related declines in speech understanding is that they are highly correlated. Perceptual declines in older adults are highly associated with declines in cognition (e.g.

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Temporally Jittered Speech Produces Performance Intensity, Phonetically Balanced Rollover in Young Normal-Hearing Listeners

Cited by 20 publications

References 18 publications

Age-Related Temporal Processing Deficits in Word Segments in Adult Cochlear-Implant Users

Age-Related Temporal Processing Deficits in Word Segments in Adult Cochlear-Implant Users

Elucidating the effects of ageing on remembering perceptually distorted word pairs

Listening in aging adults: From discourse comprehension to psychoacoustics.

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