Temporohyoid Osteoarthropathy in 33 Horses (1993–2000)

Walker, Arthur B. C.; Sellon, Debra C.; Cornelisse, C.J.; Hines, Melissa T.; Ragle, Claude A.; Cohen, Noah D.; Schott, Harold C.

doi:10.1892/0891-6640(2002)016<0697:toih>2.3.co;2

Cited by 48 publications

(163 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…1,4,7 More recently, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have been used because of their improved accuracy. 7 Application of these modalities, however, is limited due to cost, availability of equipment, risks of general anesthesia, and difficulty in recovering horses with neurological signs from anesthesia. Additionally, cross-sectional interpretation is challenging because this area contains elaborate sinus and vascular systems, bony canals, notches, foramina, suture lines, and a variety of soft tissue structures that are subject to misinterpretation when the regional anatomy is not understood.…”

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confidence: 99%

Computed Tomography of Temporal Bone Fractures and Temporal Region Anatomy in Horses

Pownder¹,

Scrivani²,

Bezuidenhout

et al. 2010

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine

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Background: In people, specific classifications of temporal bone fractures are associated with clinical signs and prognosis. In horses, similar classifications have not been evaluated and might be useful establishing prognosis or understanding pathogenesis of certain types of trauma.Hypothesis/Objectives: We hypothesized associations between temporal bone fracture location and orientation in horses detected during computed tomography (CT) and frequency of facial nerve (CN7) deficit, vestibulocochlear nerve (CN8) deficit, or temporohyoid osteoarthropathy (THO). Complex temporal region anatomy may confound fracture identification, and consequently a description of normal anatomy was included.Animals: All horses undergoing temporal region CT at our hospital between July 1998 and May 2008. Methods: Data were collected retrospectively, examiners were blinded, and relationships were investigated among temporal bone fractures, ipsilateral THO, ipsilateral CN7, or ipsilateral CN8 deficits by Chi-square or Fischer's exact tests. Seventy-nine horses had CT examinations of the temporal region (158 temporal bones).Results: Sixteen temporal bone fractures were detected in 14 horses. Cranial nerve deficits were seen with fractures in all parts of the temporal bone (petrosal, squamous, and temporal) and, temporal bone fractures were associated with CN7 and CN8 deficits and THO. No investigated fracture classification scheme, however, was associated with specific cranial nerve deficits.Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Without knowledge of the regional anatomy, normal structures may be mistaken for a temporal bone fracture or vice versa. Although no fracture classification scheme was associated with the assessed clinical signs, simple descriptive terminology (location and orientation) is recommended for reporting and facilitating future comparisons.

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confidence: 99%

Computed Tomography of Temporal Bone Fractures and Temporal Region Anatomy in Horses

Pownder¹,

Scrivani²,

Bezuidenhout

et al. 2010

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine

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“…Bei Pferden mit einer Osteoarthropathie des Temporohyoidgelenks ist die Prognose quoad vitam vorsichtig bis gut zu bewerten (Walker et al 2002). Sobald die Osteoarthropathie des Temporohyoidgelenks mit einer Fraktur assoziiert ist, verschlechtert sich die Prognose.…”

Section: Fallberichtunclassified

“…Die Mehrheit der Pferde zeigte jedoch oft neurologische Langzeitstörungen bis hin zu permanenten Defiziten. Im Zusammenhang mit Frakturen des Temporohyoidgelenks sind auch vereinzelt Todesfälle beschrieben worden (Walker et al 2002).…”

Section: Fallberichtunclassified

“…und VIII. Gehrinnerven sind Kopfschiefhaltung, Kopfschütteln oder Kopfwerfen, Ptosis, einseitig hängendes Ohr, asymmetrisches Angesicht, Deviation der Nüster entgegengesetzt der Läsion, Ataxie, Kreislaufen, Schmerzen beim Kauvorgang, reduziertes Hör-vermögen, Keratitis sicca, Anisokorie, Hyperästhesie am Ohrgrund, spontaner Nystagmus sowie Strabismus (Yadernuk 2003, Van den Bossche 1987, Walker et al 2002. Ursäch-lich kommen für die Entzündung und Proliferation des Temporohyoidgelenkes degenerative Veränderungen, traumatische Insulte oder eine infektiöse Genese in Betracht (Naylor et al 2010, Petzoldt et al 2001).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Aus diesem Grund empfiehlt es sich eine computertomographische Untersuchung durchzuführen, in der Knochenzubildungen und Frakturlinien, welche in der radiologischen Untersuchung nicht sichtbar sind, nachvollziehbar werden. Ebenso lassen sich eine Flüssigkeitsansammlung in der Bulla tympanica oder eine vermehrte Füllung des Temporohyoidgelenks darstellen (Walker et al 2002). Anhand des Nystagmus könnte eine weitere Unterscheidung in zentral und peripher vorgenommen werden.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Temporohyoid osteoarthropathy with otitis media et interna attended by vestibular disease in the horse: Case report

Ertelt¹,

Schmitz²,

Reichelt³

et al. 2013

PHK

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A case‐control study of atypical guttural pouch empyema in Arabian foals

van der Vossen,

Cavalcante,

Glynn

et al. 2023

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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Background: Upper respiratory disease was reported over many seasons in Arabian foals on a single stud farm in the Middle East. Affected foals were noted to have mucopurulent nasal discharge, cough, fever and tachypnea. All affected foals had been empirically treated with a macrolide and rifampicin, by the referring veterinarian without improvement. On endoscopic examination, all affected foals had significant guttural pouch empyema (GPE). Objectives: (1) To document a previously unreported presentation of guttural pouch empyema (GPE) in a family of juvenile Arabian foals; (2) To document the cytological and microbial composition of the empyema; (3) To identify clinical signs significantly correlated with the presence of GPE, as predictors for the need for guttural pouch (GP) endoscopy; (4) To demonstrate successful resolution of the identified syndrome with mechanical GP lavage and evidence based antimicrobial use, improving antibiotic stewardship and the one-health approach to respiratory disease in this demographic of foals.Methods: Evaluation and scoring of clinical signs, upper airway endoscopy and thoracic ultrasound were performed in 14 affected foals and 10 age-matched controls, followed by comparative tracheal and guttural pouch sputum culture and cytological evaluation.Therapeutic GP lavage was performed and response to therapy monitored.Results: GPE, cranioventrally distributed ultrasonographic lesions and opportunistic pathogen infection suggested a primary lesion of GPE with aspiration of GP discharge into the lungs. GP lavage resolved the empyema and associated clinical signs in all cases.Conclusions: Cytological examination of tracheal and guttural pouch aspirates revealed a neutrophilic exudate with lipid-laden phagocytes, suggestive of engulfed milk. Bacteriology revealed a high prevalence of Streptococcus equi ssp. zooepidemicus admixed with other opportunistic pathogens. Streptococcus equi ssp. equi was not isolated in any case.

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Temporohyoid Osteoarthropathy in 33 Horses (1993–2000)

Cited by 48 publications

References 4 publications

Computed Tomography of Temporal Bone Fractures and Temporal Region Anatomy in Horses

Computed Tomography of Temporal Bone Fractures and Temporal Region Anatomy in Horses

Temporohyoid osteoarthropathy with otitis media et interna attended by vestibular disease in the horse: Case report

A case‐control study of atypical guttural pouch empyema in Arabian foals

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