Temporomandibular disorders and mandibular vertical asymmetry

Abstract

Objective To analyze the association between mandibular vertical asymmetry and the presence of TMD in adult patients. Methods This case-control study recruited patients from the orthodontic clinic at FEBUAP. Patients were classified on the basis of diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders (DC/TMD). Panoramic radiographs were measured to determine mandibular vertical asymmetry indices according to criteria described by Kjellberg and Habets. Both methods (DC/TMD and index criteria) were standardized a priori. Results A total of 56 patients were analyzed, of whom 25 (44.6%) met the inclusion criteria and were divided into two groups (TMD group, n = 15; non-TMD group, n = 10). The highest asymmetry index was observed in the condylar neck, followed by the total condylar asymmetry index, but without significant differences between groups (p > .05). Conclusion There is no association (p > .05) between temporomandibular disorders and mandibular vertical asymmetry.

Three-dimensional Reconstruction and Comparison of Temporomandibular Joint Space Volume Before and After Orthognathic Surgery in Patients with Skeletal Class III Malocclusion With Mandibular Deviation

“…Patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion and mandibular deviation have different condylar morphology in their DS and NDS, although the overall volume of the TMJ space is practically the same 22–24 . In this group of patients, orthognathic surgery increases TMJ space volume, and the change is correlated with the degree of deviation as the postoperative period lengthens.…”

Condylar and ramal vertical asymmetry in patients with different vertical skeletal patterns

“…24 An accurate diagnosis of the presence of asymmetry in the mandibular facial third is important for clinicians to achieve a harmonious and balanced facial appearance following orthodontic, surgical or combined treatment options. In past studies, mandibular asymmetry has been detected by applying an asymmetry index formula introduced by Habets et al 6,11,[17][18][19][20]22 Mandibular vertical asymmetry was evaluated using this formula in patients who presented with temporomandibular disorders, 15 Class I, Class II and Class III malocclusions 6,17,18 and unilateral and bilateral posterior crossbites. [19][20][21] Although the formula uses vertical dimensional measurements of the condyle and the rami and determines mandibular vertical asymmetry, the present study is the first to investigate mandibular vertical asymmetry on panoramic radiographs, in patients of different vertical skeletal patterns.…”

“…In later studies, it was concluded that vertical measurements of the height of the condyle or ramus could be reliably assessed on panoramic images with acceptable reproducibility. 10,[12][13][14] The Habets method has been used to evaluate vertical mandibular asymmetry in temporomandibular disorders, 15,16 Class I, Class II and Class III malocclusions, 6,17,18 unilateral and bilateral posterior crossbites [19][20][21] and different sagittal skeletal patterns. 22 However, controversial findings have been reported…”

The Asymmetry of the Mandible in Patients with Unilateral Temporomandibular Joint Disc Displacement Confirmed by Magnetic Resonance Imaging

“…The asymmetry of the mandible is a potential cause of dysfunction of the mandible and TMJ as a bilateral joint. Numerous studies have explored the association of vertical asymmetry of the condyle with the risk of TMJ disc displacement ( 10 - 16 ).…”