Temporomandibular joint dysplasia

Arzi, Boaz; Lantz, Gary C.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-7020-7675-6.00045-0

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…CT is currently considered the modality of choice for the assessment of the TMJ due to its high bone resolution and ability to do multiplanar reconstruction. 10 TMJ dysplasia is a congenital condition described in various canine breeds, including the American Cocker Spaniel (ACS), 11 Cavalier King Charles Spaniel (CKCS), 12 Basset Hound, [13][14][15] Irish Setter, 16,17 Boxer, Golden Retriever, and Labrador Retriever. 18 This condition is associated with poor joint congruity, flattening of the mandibular head or mandibular fossa, an increase in obliquity of the mandibular head and a poorly developed or absent retroarticular process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological Assessment of the Temporomandibular Joint in Asymptomatic Brachycephalic Dogs Using Computed Tomography

Paran

Bouyssou²,

King³

2023

J Vet Dent

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Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) incongruity and morphological variations can result in clinical signs but have also been reported in asymptomatic brachycephalic dogs. The purpose of this study was to assess TMJ morphology in a group of brachycephalic dogs using computed tomography (CT). French Bulldogs, English Bulldogs, Boxers, Cavalier King Charles Spaniels (CKCS), Chihuahuas, Lhasa Apsos, Pugs, Shih Tzus, and Staffordshire Bull Terriers were retrospectively enrolled. The severity of the TMJ morphological changes was determined using a modified 5-grade classification system. The intra- and inter-observer agreements were calculated. One hundred fifty-three dogs were included. When evaluating the medial aspect of the TMJ in the sagittal plane, there was a spectrum of variations in the shape of the head of the condylar process of the mandible, the mandibular fossa and the retroarticular process ranging from a rounded concave TMJ with a long retroarticular process to a flattened TMJ with an absent process. Variations in the articular surface of the head of the condyle in the transverse plane ranged from flat, through curved and trapezoid to sigmoid. The prevalence of severe TMJ dysplasia (grades B3 and C) in the CKCS and French Bulldog was high (69.2% and 53.8%, respectively). The intra- and inter-observer agreements were moderate. Variations in TMJ morphology exist in asymptomatic brachycephalic dogs. Marked changes seem to be highly prevalent in the French Bulldog and CKCS and should be considered a breed variation. The TMJ classification described in this study could be used to standardize assessment of canine TMJ morphology. However, further research is needed to determine its clinical application.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological Assessment of the Temporomandibular Joint in Asymptomatic Brachycephalic Dogs Using Computed Tomography

Paran

Bouyssou²,

King³

2023

J Vet Dent

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“…Several other publications already indicate specific breed dispositions in relation to TMJ disorders, which in particular describe TMJ dysplasia (6). Poor joint congruency due to insufficiently developed joint cavities as well as joint processes can lead to a pronounced instability of the TMJ and can be accompanied by subluxations and luxations of the joint.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the complex anatomy of the carnivore skull, imaging of the TMJ often comes with significant challenges for veterinary surgeons ( 4 , 5 ). Because of the better visualization of bony structures and the possibility of creating three-dimensional images, the examination of the TMJ utilizing computed tomography has been recommended ( 6 , 7 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and morphometric measurement of the temporomandibular joint of small and medium-weight dogs with different skull shapes

Quadflieg,

Volk,

Sake

et al. 2024

Front. Vet. Sci.

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BackgroundThe recognition and diagnosis of canine temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disease can be a challenge, often leaving them undiagnosed. Although computed tomography (CT) has proved to be highly efficacious in detecting joint disease in the TMJ, morphometric and morphological studies of the normal TMJ have been scarce. Especially, skull type specific anatomical differences of the TMJ in dogs of different weights and skull morphologies have received limited attention.ObjectiveThis study aimed to compare the TMJ morphologies of dogs across different weight classes and skull types.Study designRetrospective study.MethodsCT scans were used to measure the depth and width of the Fossa mandibularis and two angles between the Fossa mandibularis and the Caput mandibulae in a total of 92 dogs and 182 mandibular joints, respectively.ResultsThe TMJ varied in terms of weight groups and skull indices. Shallow mandibular pits, underdeveloped retroarticular processes, and reduced joint congruency were observed particularly in light-weight and brachycephalic dogs. Conversely, dolichocephalic animals displayed deep joint pits, pronounced joint congruency, and a well-developed Processus retroarticularis.Main limitationsObserver learning curve; not every skull shape was represented in each weight group.

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Temporomandibular joint injections in dogs with temporomandibular joint pain: 11 cases (2015‐2019)

Ruiz

Kirberger

Steenkamp

2020

J of Small Animal Practice

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To describe and evaluate the clinical application of temporomandibular joint injections using betamethasone and ropivacaine in German Shepherd dogs suffering from non-odontogenic orofacial pain due to temporomandibular dysplasia and/or osteoarthritis. Materials and MethOds: Outcomes in dogs presented with clinical signs of non-odontogenic orofacial pain associated to temporomandibular joint dysplasia and/or arthritis and treated with a temporomandibular joint injection were retrospectively-prospectively evaluated. results: The overall clinical signs free period ranged between 25 to 1579 days, with an average of 461 days. The clinical signs free period for temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis scores 1, 2 and 3 were on average 659 days (180-1579 days), 134 days (42-355 days) and 723 days (25-1377 days), respectively. Similarly the temporomandibular dysplasia scores 1, 2 and 3 were on average 306 days (26-1579 days), 1377 days and 669 days (25-1429 days) respectively. Those dogs in which only one side was injected the clinical signs free period average was 639 days (25-1578 days), compared with dogs in which both temporomandibular joints were injected showing a clinical signs free period average of 378 days (42-1377 days). clinical significance: The temporomandibular joint injection technique proved to be feasible with a decent outcome in dogs suffering from non-odontogenic orofacial pain associated with temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis and/or dysplasia. Further randomised studies are required to confirm the effectiveness of this intervention.

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Temporomandibular joint dysplasia

Cited by 4 publications

References 16 publications

Morphological Assessment of the Temporomandibular Joint in Asymptomatic Brachycephalic Dogs Using Computed Tomography

Morphological Assessment of the Temporomandibular Joint in Asymptomatic Brachycephalic Dogs Using Computed Tomography

Morphological and morphometric measurement of the temporomandibular joint of small and medium-weight dogs with different skull shapes

Temporomandibular joint injections in dogs with temporomandibular joint pain: 11 cases (2015‐2019)

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