“…The most frequent finding is regular pain while other reported symptoms are TMJ sounds (especially crepitation), difficulty in mouth opening, and reduced mouth opening (Aliko, Ciancaglini, Alushi, Tafaj, & Ruci, 2011). A recent study evaluated clinical outcomes of TMJ reconstructions in patients with various autoimmune/connective tissue diseases and found that SLE patient group presented an improvement of maximal incisal opening without pain (Mehra, Henry, & Giglou, 2018). The social and psychological status of patients with SLE is suggested to be a possible risk factor for TMJ disorders due to the common prevalence of muscle hyperactivity, stress, anxiety, and depression in these patients (Hanly, Fisk, McCurdy, Fougere, & Douglas, 2005; Rollman & Gillespie, 2000).…”