Ten year longitudinal study of neuropsychological functioning subsequent to a first episode of schizophrenia

Hoff, Anne L.; Svetina, Christine; Shields, Gail; Stewart, John; DeLisi, Lynn E.

doi:10.1016/j.schres.2005.05.010

Cited by 240 publications

(177 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…35 We did this due to ethical considerations (long-term compliance, informed consent, legal situation in a first proof-of-principle trial) but, most importantly, under the assumption that any brain has potential to recover, with processes of degeneration and regeneration constantly running in parallel. Here we show that a hematopoietic growth factor, rhEPO, with its putative effects on neuroplasticity, can improve cognitive functioning in schizophrenia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of cognitive functions in chronic schizophrenic patients by recombinant human erythropoietin

et al. 2006

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Schizophrenia is increasingly recognized as a neurodevelopmental disease with an additional degenerative component, comprising cognitive decline and loss of cortical gray matter. We hypothesized that a neuroprotective/neurotrophic add-on strategy, recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) in addition to stable antipsychotic medication, may be able to improve cognitive function even in chronic schizophrenic patients. Therefore, we designed a doubleblind, placebo-controlled, randomized, multicenter, proof-of-principle (phase II) study. This study had a total duration of 2 years and an individual duration of 12 weeks with an additional safety visit at 16 weeks. Chronic schizophrenic men (N = 39) with defined cognitive deficit (X1 s.d. below normal in the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS)), stable medication and disease state, were treated for 3 months with a weekly short (15 min) intravenous infusion of 40 000 IU rhEPO (N = 20) or placebo (N = 19). Main outcome measure was schizophrenia-relevant cognitive function at week 12. The neuropsychological test set (RBANS subtests delayed memory, language-semantic fluency, attention and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST-64) -perseverative errors) was applied over 2 days at baseline, 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 12 weeks of study participation. Both placebo and rhEPO patients improved in all evaluated categories. Patients receiving rhEPO showed a significant improvement over placebo patients in schizophrenia-related cognitive performance (RBANS subtests, WCST-64), but no effects on psychopathology or social functioning. Also, a significant decline in serum levels of S100B, a glial damage marker, occurred upon rhEPO. The fact that rhEPO is the first compound to exert a selective and lasting beneficial effect on cognition should encourage new treatment strategies for schizophrenia.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of cognitive functions in chronic schizophrenic patients by recombinant human erythropoietin

et al. 2006

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“…Many researchers of cognitive functions stress that during the first five years of schizophrenia stabilizing neurocognitive deficits occur, but of course cognitive functioning remains at a level significantly lower compared with healthy controls [71,75,76]. The results of these studies may suggest that the first episode of the disease, followed by a cognitive stabilization is crucial for the cognitive functioning level of people suffering from schizophrenia [13,53,71,75,77].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results of these studies may suggest that the first episode of the disease, followed by a cognitive stabilization is crucial for the cognitive functioning level of people suffering from schizophrenia [13,53,71,75,77]. In recent years, there have been conducted intensive, multi-center studies to standardize research tools for the evaluation of cognitive deficits in schizophrenia.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[71] oceniające ogólną sprawność intelektualną wśród chorych na schizofrenię w trakcie pierwszego epizodu choroby i po 5 latach trwania leczonej schizofrenii wykazują, że u chorych z biegiem czasu następuje poprawa ogólnej sprawności intelektualnej, z wyłącze-niem inteligencji słownej. Wielu badaczy funkcji poznawczych podkreśla, że w ciągu pierwszych pięciu lat trwania schizofrenii dochodzi do stabilizacji deficytów neuropoznawczych, choć oczywiście funkcjonowanie poznawcze pozostaje na poziomie znacząco niższym w porównaniu z osobami zdrowymi [71,75,76]. Wyniki tych badań mogą sugerować, że kluczowe znaczenie dla poziomu funkcjonowania poznawczego osób cierpiących z powodu schizofrenii ma pierwszy epizod choroby, po czym następuje pewna stabilizacja poznawcza [13,53,71,75,77].…”

Section: Wyniki I Dyskusjaunclassified

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Review paper. Neuropsychological dimension of schizophrenia - evaluation possibilities and therapeutic implications

Makarewicz

Karakuła-Juchnowicz

Łobejko

2017

Current Problems of Psychiatry

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Introduction: In the last decades, researchers' attention has been focused on cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia. Numerous studies indicate the existence of neurodegenerative deficits in schizophrenia including, but not limited to, motor functions, learning and memory, executive functions, attention, language, spatial skills and general intelligence.Method: A review of available literature on the topic of the past two decades, available in the Pubmed, EBSCO, SCOPUS databases has been made using the keywords: schizophrenia, cognition, early intervention.Results: Cognitive dysfunction is an important feature of the prodromal phase and the first episode of schizophrenia. Researchers have thus proposed to initiate early therapeutic interventions for people with so-called risky mental conditions. The article includes the reference to research on neurocognitive disorders essence in schizophrenia, the definition and review of methods used to identify specific cognitive deficits and issues related to risk of developing psychosis and early therapeutic intervention in high-risk states.Conclusions: Researchers report the importance of detecting cognitive disorders in the early stages of schizophrenia. This broadens the range of therapeutic interventions and enables early intervention in the increased risk of psychosis.

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“…In addition, the finding that cognitive functioning is already affected in ES patients and that there are no significant differences from LS patients is supported by data reported in other studies, which found that these deficits are already present at the time of the first psychotic episode and remain relatively stable over the course of the illness. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] In our sample, the mean number of hospitalizations in the ES and LS groups was 1.52±1.77 and 7.30±7.64.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functioning in early and late stages of schizophrenia

Costa

Massuda

Pedrini

et al. 2014

Trends Psychiatry Psychother.

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Introduction: Schizophrenia is frequently associated with a debilitating course and prominent impairment in social and occupational functioning. Although the criteria for classification into stages have not been defined in the literature, illness duration and functioning seem to be good candidates. Objective: To compare functioning of patients with schizophrenia at different stages of the disease (early vs. late) and healthy sexand age-matched controls. Methods: This double-blinded, case-controlled study included 79 individuals: 23 patients with schizophrenia diagnosed up to 5 years earlier; 19 patients with schizophrenia diagnosed at least 20 years earlier; and healthy matched controls. Diagnoses were established using the Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition (DSM-IV) Axis I Disorder. Functioning was assessed using the Functioning Assessment Short Test (FAST). Results: Patients in the early stage had significantly higher scores than healthy controls in total FAST and in autonomy, occupational functioning, cognitive functioning and interpersonal relationships. Individuals in the late stage had significantly poorer functioning than controls in all domains. The comparison of functioning between the two groups of patients revealed no significant differences, except in occupational functioning, in which late stage patients had a poorer performance. Conclusion: Functioning impairment in schizophrenia tends to remain stable despite illness duration. Therefore, functioning should be effectively assessed at an early stage, as illness duration alone may not be the most reliable criterion to stage patients with schizophrenia.

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Ten year longitudinal study of neuropsychological functioning subsequent to a first episode of schizophrenia

Cited by 240 publications

References 18 publications

Improvement of cognitive functions in chronic schizophrenic patients by recombinant human erythropoietin

Improvement of cognitive functions in chronic schizophrenic patients by recombinant human erythropoietin

Review paper. Neuropsychological dimension of schizophrenia - evaluation possibilities and therapeutic implications

Functioning in early and late stages of schizophrenia

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