Ten years of operational experience with a hydrogen-based renewable energy supply system

Ghosh, Prakash C.; Emonts, Bernd; Janssen, Hans-Karl; Mergel, Jürgen; Stolten, Detlef

doi:10.1016/j.solener.2003.09.006

Cited by 121 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…A similar demonstration called PURE in the island of Unst, Scotland started in 2001 [210]. In Germany, the PHOEBUS demonstration plant supplied photovoltaic power to part of the local Central Library for 10 years [211].…”

Section: Hydrogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of energy system flexibility measures to enable high levels of variable renewable electricity

Lund

Lindgren

Mikkola

et al. 2015

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

1,288

578

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Title: Review of energy system flexibility measures to enable high levels of variable renewable electricity Article Type: Review Article Keywords: energy system flexibility; DSM; energy storage; ancillary service; electricity market; smart grid Abstract: The paper reviews different approaches, technologies, and strategies to manage large-scale schemes of variable renewable electricity such as solar and wind power. We consider both supply and demand side measures. In addition to presenting energy system flexibility measures, their importance to renewable electricity is discussed. The flexibility measures available range from traditional ones such as grid extension or pumped hydro storage to more advanced strategies such as demand side management and demand side linked approaches, e.g. the use of electric vehicles for storing excess electricity, but also providing grid support services. Advanced batteries may offer new solutions in the future, though the high costs associated with batteries may restrict their use to smaller scale applications. Different "P2Y"-type of strategies, where P stands for surplus renewable power and Y for the energy form or energy service to which this excess in converted to, e.g. thermal energy, hydrogen, gas or mobility are receiving much attention as potential flexibility solutions, making use of the energy system as a whole. To "functionalize" or to assess the value of the various energy system flexibility measures, these need often be put into an electricity/energy market or utility service context. Summarizing, the outlook for managing large amounts of RE power in terms of options available seems to be promising. AbstractThe paper reviews different approaches, technologies, and strategies to manage large-scale schemes of variable renewable electricity such as solar and wind power. We consider both supply and demand side measures. In addition to presenting energy system flexibility measures, their importance to renewable electricity is discussed. The flexibility measures available range from traditional ones such as grid extension or pumped hydro storage to more advanced strategies such as demand side management and demand side linked approaches, e.g. the use of electric vehicles for storing excess electricity, but also providing grid support services. Advanced batteries may offer new solutions in the future, though the high costs associated with batteries may restrict their use to smaller scale applications. Different -P2Y‖-type of strategies, where P stands for surplus renewable power and Y for the energy form or energy service to which this excess in converted to, e.g. thermal energy, hydrogen, gas or mobility are receiving much attention as potential flexibility solutions, making use of the energy system as a whole. To -functionalize‖ or to assess the value of the various energy system flexibility measures, these need often be put into an electricity/energy market or utility service context. Summarizing, the outlook for managing large amounts of RE power in terms of options avai...

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Section: Hydrogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of energy system flexibility measures to enable high levels of variable renewable electricity

Lund

Lindgren

Mikkola

et al. 2015

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

1,288

578

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These systems are characterized by reduced electrochemical overvoltage that increases the efficiency with respect to conventional electrolysis [50]. Even if this technology still requires substantial research and development efforts, there have been some demonstrations of renewable energy hydrogen systems, where hydrogen is generated using solar [51][52][53][54] or wind energy [55]. Moreover, it represents an attractive energy storage option when heat is available from other sources, as it can be embedded in the process to reduce electric energy input and enhance electrolysis efficiency.…”

Section: Chemical and Electrochemical Storage Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid Hydrogen and Mechanical Distributed Energy Storage

2017

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Effective energy storage technologies represent one of the key elements to solving the growing challenges of electrical energy supply of the 21st century. Several energy storage systems are available, from ones that are technologically mature to others still at a research stage. Each technology has its inherent limitations that make its use economically or practically feasible only for specific applications. The present paper aims at integrating hydrogen generation into compressed air energy storage systems to avoid natural gas combustion or thermal energy storage. A proper design of such a hybrid storage system could provide high roundtrip efficiencies together with enhanced flexibility thanks to the possibility of providing additional energy outputs (heat, cooling, and hydrogen as a fuel), in a distributed energy storage framework. Such a system could be directly connected to the power grid at the distribution level to reduce power and energy intermittence problems related to renewable energy generation. Similarly, it could be located close to the user (e.g., office buildings, commercial centers, industrial plants, hospitals, etc.). Finally, it could be integrated in decentralized energy generation systems to reduce the peak electricity demand charges and energy costs, to increase power generation efficiency, to enhance the security of electrical energy supply, and to facilitate the market penetration of small renewable energy systems. Different configurations have been investigated (simple hybrid storage system, regenerate system, multistage system) demonstrating the compressed air and hydrogen storage systems effectiveness in improving energy source flexibility and efficiency, and possibly in reducing the costs of energy supply. Round-trip efficiency up to 65% can be easily reached. The analysis is conducted through a mixed theoretical-numerical approach, which allows the definition of the most relevant physical parameters affecting the system performance.

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“…Energy storage and power capacities are inherently coupled. Batteries are also considered short-term storage devices since they typically lose 1 to 5% of their energy content per day through selfdischarge [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The physical size, limited life span, and initial capital cost of the battery bank coupled with transportation, maintenance, and battery disposal issues imposes significant limitations on the load capacity [10]. Significant improvements may be possible by storing the energy in the form of hydrogen instead of using batteries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocean Wave Energy Hydrogen System for Electrification

Muzathik¹

2017

IJSGE

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Human population growth and development activities, growing at a rapid pace today, have increased the energy demands. Global concerns over above facts linked to fossil fuel consumption have increased the pressure to generate power from renewable sources. Owing to present day's energy crisis, growing environmental concern and escalating cost of fossil fuels, we ought to take every effort to supplement our energy base with renewable sources. Without any doubt, renewable energy, especially solar, wind and wave energy will play an important role in 21st century. Main disadvantage of wave power is its largely random variability in several time-scales, from wave to wave, with sea state, and from season to season. Present situation shows a wide variety of wave energy systems, at several stages of development, competing against each other, without it being clear which types will be final winners. In last few years, interest in wave energy utilization has been growing rapidly in all over the world. High costs of constructing, deploying, maintaining and testing large prototypes under harsh environmental conditions, has hindered the development of wave energy systems. In this paper, some wave parameters have been discussed that are related to transport, generation and variability of wave energy in the sea. Wave Energy Converters (WECs) are classified into different groups. In order to develop a commercial WEC is not a straightforward task. Many inventions still have to be made, and many challenging problems need to be solved.

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Ten years of operational experience with a hydrogen-based renewable energy supply system

Cited by 121 publications

References 10 publications

Review of energy system flexibility measures to enable high levels of variable renewable electricity

Review of energy system flexibility measures to enable high levels of variable renewable electricity

Hybrid Hydrogen and Mechanical Distributed Energy Storage

Ocean Wave Energy Hydrogen System for Electrification

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