Tenacibaculum haliotis sp. nov., isolated from the gut of an abalone Haliotis discus hannai

Abstract

A Gram-stain-negative, non-flagellated, gliding, non-spore-forming bacterial strain, designated RA3-2T, was isolated from the gut of an abalone (Haliotis discus hannai) collected from the sea around Jeju island, South Korea, and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. RA3-2T grew optimally at 20 °C and in the presence of 2.0-3.0 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that RA3-2T fell within the clade comprising the type strains of species of the genus Tenacibaculum, clustering with the type strains of Tenacibaculum soleae, Tenacibaculum ovolyticum and Tenacibaculum dicentrarchi; showing 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values of 96.2-96.8 %. The novel strain exhibited 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values of 93.5-96.9 % to the type strains of the other species of the genus Tenacibaculum. RA3-2T contained MK-6 as the predominant menaquinone and iso-C15 : 0 and iso-C15 : 0 3-OH as the major fatty acids. The major polar lipids of RA3-2T were phosphatidylethanolamine, two unidentified lipids, one unidentified aminophospholipid and one unidentified glycolipid. The DNA G+C content of RA3-2T was 31.7 mol%. The differential phenotypic properties, together with the phylogenetic data, revealed that RA3-2T is separated from other species of the genus Tenacibaculum with validly published names. On the basis of the data presented, RA3-2T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Tenacibaculum, for which the name Tenacibaculum haliotis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is RA3-2T (=KCTC 52419T=NBRC 112382T).

Tenacibactins K–M, cytotoxic siderophores from a coral-associated gliding bacterium of the genus Tenacibaculum

“…Among the five amide bonds, amide protons were present at N21 and N32, thereby leaving N15, N26, and N37 as the hydroxylation sites. This assignment was supported by the 13 C NMR chemical shifts. Within each cadaverine moiety, the 13 C chemical shifts for the methylenes adjacent to the N-hydroxyamide group (C16: δ C 46.7; C27: δ C 47.2) were obviously larger than the methylenes adjacent to the amide group (C20: δ C 38.52; C31: δ C 38.52), consistent with the reported data for avaroferrin [22], bisucaberins [18], and nocardamines [23].…”

“…This assignment was supported by the 13 C NMR chemical shifts. Within each cadaverine moiety, the 13 C chemical shifts for the methylenes adjacent to the N-hydroxyamide group (C16: δ C 46.7; C27: δ C 47.2) were obviously larger than the methylenes adjacent to the amide group (C20: δ C 38.52; C31: δ C 38.52), consistent with the reported data for avaroferrin [22], bisucaberins [18], and nocardamines [23]. However, this trend is inversed in the hydroxamic acid terminus.…”

“…The genus Tenacibaculum belongs to the family Flavobacteriaceae within the phylum Bacteroidetes. Members of this genus are Gram-negative, aerobic, motile by gliding, and commonly isolated from marine environments [12][13][14][15]. Several Tenacibaculum species are identified as fish pathogens, among which T. maritimum has been the most well-studied as an etiological agent of tenacibaculosis, a skin ulcer disease for marine fish [16].…”

Tenacibaculum aquimarinum sp. nov., isolated from a marine alga and seawater

“…At the time of writing, the genus Tenacibaculum includes 31 validly and four invalidly published species (https://lpsn.dsmz.de/genus/tenacibaculum) that have been isolated from marine environments, particularly marine organisms [2–11]. Members of the genus Tenacibaculum generally form yellow-coloured colonies mainly by the production of zeaxanthin, not by flexirubin-type pigments, and their cells are Gram-stain-negative, aerobic and non-flagellated rods with gliding motility, containing a branched-chain unsaturated fatty acid, iso-C 15:0 and a hydroxylated fatty acid, iso-C 15:0 3-OH as the major cellular fatty acids and menaquinone (MK)-6 as the predominant isoprenoid quinone [2–11]. Most Tenacibaculum species are considered non-pathogenic, but some Tenacibaculum species have been reported to be associated with fish diseases [1–3].…”

“…The genus Tenacibaculum , belonging to the family Flavobacteriaceae in the phylum Bacteroidota , was first established through the reclassification of two bacterial species that were previously classified as species members of the genus Flexibacter [1]. At the time of writing, the genus Tenacibaculum includes 31 validly and four invalidly published species (https://lpsn.dsmz.de/genus/tenacibaculum) that have been isolated from marine environments, particularly marine organisms [2–11]. Members of the genus Tenacibaculum generally form yellow-coloured colonies mainly by the production of zeaxanthin, not by flexirubin-type pigments, and their cells are Gram-stain-negative, aerobic and non-flagellated rods with gliding motility, containing a branched-chain unsaturated fatty acid, iso-C 15:0 and a hydroxylated fatty acid, iso-C 15:0 3-OH as the major cellular fatty acids and menaquinone (MK)-6 as the predominant isoprenoid quinone [2–11].…”