Tendência temporal da incidência da AIDS em pessoas com 50 anos ou mais no Brasil*

Abstract

Objetivo: analisar a tendência temporal da incidência da Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida (AIDS) em pessoas com 50 anos ou mais no Brasil e suas regiões. Método: estudo ecológico misto dos casos notificados de AIDS em pessoas de 50 anos ou mais entre 2007 e 2017, no Brasil e regiões. Os dados foram extraídos do Sistema Nacional de Agravos e Notificação e analisados pelo método Prais-Winsten. Resultados: a tendência temporal da incidência de AIDS em pessoas com 50 anos ou mais foi estável no Brasil e nas regiões Sudeste, Sul e Centro-Oeste (variação percentual anual: 10,7; 4,9; 8,4 e 12,2, respectivamente); nas regiões Norte e Nordeste, foi crescente (variação percentual anual: 16,6 e 20,6, respectivamente). Conclusão: houve estabilidade da incidência de AIDS no Brasil e nas regiões Sudeste, Sul e Centro-Oeste, como também aumento da incidência da doença nas regiões Norte e Nordeste, na população estudada.

Temporal analysis of the incidence of HIV/AIDS in older people from 2007 to 2020

“…The HIV/AIDS epidemic in Brazil is currently expanding to groups that were not considered "at risk", starting to be found throughout society, regardless of gender, sexual orientation and age. A study that evaluated the temporal trend of the incidence of HIV/AIDS in people aged 50 years or older found stability in Brazil and in the Southeast, South and Midwest regions, and an increase in the North and Northeast regions 8 . The increase in the number of diagnosed cases of HIV/AIDS in older people has been described in the literature, Castro et al 2020 in the period from 2007 to 2016, found in Minas Gerais an increase in the incidence rate of HIV/AIDS in all age groups 18 .…”

“…The increase in cases of HIV/AIDS in older people has been observed since 1990 9 . This increase is attributed to socioeconomic aspects such as: unfavorable economic conditions, low perception of the risk of acquiring the infection, unprotected sexual practice and the lack of information about the disease 6,8,12,20,21 . The lack of health campaigns that address older people sexuality and the taboo on sexuality in this population may contribute to health professionals not providing guidance on protective practices 21 .…”

“…An increasing number of reported cases in women was also observed in this research in the Northeast region. Some authors refer to the feminization of the epidemic 8,21 . The insertion of women in the epidemic may be linked to the heterosexual transmission route, the main means of infection.…”

“…In addition, the lack of access to education and health, associated with some cultural and religious patterns, can discourage condom use. 7,8,29,30 .…”

“…In this way, low access to health services, unfavorable economic conditions and lack of sexual and reproductive rights contribute to greater exposure to the virus 6,7 . There is a change in the regional distribution of the disease, previously restricted to the Southeast region, now spread in other regions of the country, such as the North and Northeast regions 8,9 . Probably related to the context of social vulnerability that these regions present and also the reduction of underreporting of the disease 5 .…”