TENDL: Complete Nuclear Data Library for Innovative Nuclear Science and Technology

Koning, A. J.; Rochman, D.; Sublet, J.‐Ch.; Dzysiuk, N.; Fleming, Michael; Marck, Steven van der

doi:10.1016/j.nds.2019.01.002

Cited by 639 publications

(485 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…The tallied spectra was then used to estimate the activation rates of various unstable nuclei from a compiled library of nearly 100 interaction cross sections acquired from the TENDL libraries. 25 A separate set of simulations were then performed to determine the exposure rate by tallying the air collision kerma in a spherical shell with a radius of 1 m from the center of the device using a *F8 pulse height tally. Positron annihilation and resulting 511 keV photons were assumed to be uniformly emitted within a 3 cm 9 3 cm column within the center of the range shifter and trimmers weighted by the ratio of isotope production in each component.…”

Section: F Monte Carlo Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and Monte Carlo characterization of a dynamic collimation system prototype for pencil beam scanning proton therapy

et al. 2020

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There has been a growing interest in the development of energy-specific collimators for low-energy pencil beam scanning (PBS) to reduce the lateral penumbra. One particular device that has been the focus of several recent published works is the dynamic collimation system (DCS), which provides energy-specific collimation by intercepting the scanned proton beam as it nears to target edge with a set of orthogonal trimmer blades. While several computational studies have shown that this dynamic collimator can provide additional healthy tissue sparing, there has not been any rigorous experimental work to benchmark the theoretical models used in these initial studies. Therefore, it was the purpose of this work to demonstrate an experimental method that could integrate an experimental prototype with a clinical PBS system and benchmark the Monte Carlo methods that have been used to model the DCS. Methods: An experimental DCS prototype was designed and built in house to actively collimate individual proton beamlets during PBS within a well-characterized experimental setup. Monte Carlo methods were initially used to assess construction tolerances and later benchmarked against measurements, including integral depth dose and lateral asymmetric beamlet profiles. The experimental apparatus and measurement geometry were modeled using MCNP6 benchmarked from measurements performed at the Northwestern Chicago Proton Center. Results: Gamma analysis tests were used to evaluate the agreement between the measured and simulated profiles with a strict 1 mm/1% criteria and 5% dose threshold. Excellent agreement was observed between the simulated and measured profiles, which included 1 mm/1% gamma analysis pass rates of at least 100% and 95% for the integral depth dose (IDD) profiles and lateral profiles, respectively. Differences in the relative profile shape were observed experimentally between beamlets collimated on-and off-axis, which was attributed to the partial transmission of the beam through an unfocused collimator. Exposure rates resulting from the activation of the device were monitored with survey meter measurements and were found to agree with Monte Carlo estimates of the exposure rate to within 20%. Conclusion: A DCS prototype was constructed and integrated into a clinical dose delivery system. While the results of this work are not exhaustive, they demonstrate the effects of beam source divergence, device activation, and beamlet deflection during scanning, which were found to be successfully modeled using Monte Carlo methods and experimentally benchmarked. Excellent agreement was achieved between the simulated and measured lateral spot profiles of collimated beamlets delivered on-and off-axis in PBS. The Monte Carlo models adequately predicted the measured elevated plateau region in the integral depth-dose profiles from the low-energy scatter off the collimators.

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Section: F Monte Carlo Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and Monte Carlo characterization of a dynamic collimation system prototype for pencil beam scanning proton therapy

et al. 2020

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“…The cross section for neutron production for a specific ion type at an energy E and a given target element are given in the TENDL data library [11], the ENDF data library [12] or can be calculated using the TALYS nuclear code [13]. The corresponding penetration range for a given energy interval dE can be calculated using the SRIM 2013 toolkit [14].…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The analysis of the neutron yield relies on the quality of the used cross sections calculated with the TALYS nuclear code [13] or the used database [11,12] and the stopping power calculated with the SRIM toolkit [14].…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Energy and target material dependence of the neutron yield induced by proton and deuteron bombardment

et al. 2020

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The neutron yield for compact accelerator driven neutron sources depends on the target material, the ion type and its energy. When such sources are operated with low energy proton beams below 30 MeV, typical target materials are lithium and beryllium. New developments indicate that higher energies or a deuteron beam might be useful to increase the neutron yield at constant accelerator power. Here we present the total neutron yield analytically calculated for protons and deuterons at energies up to 100 MeV for various target materials. The total neutron yield depends on the involved cross sections and the stopping power of the target material. This study shows that for energies lower than 30 MeV light target materials with a deuteron beam are preferable whereas for energies above 30 MeV heavy target materials show a high neutron yield with little difference for a proton or deuteron beam.

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“…In the present work, we have conducted a new DDX measurement for Li at higher incident deuteron energy of 200 MeV in the Research Center for Nuclear Physics (RCNP), Osaka University for further investigating the incident energy dependence of neutron production from thin Li target bombarded by deuterons. Moreover, the experimental data are compared with theoretical model calculations with PHITS (Particle and Heavy Ion Transport System) [5] and DEURACS (Deuteron-induced Re- * e-mail: watanabe@aees.kyushu-u.ac.jp action Analysis Code System) [6] and TENDL-2017 nuclear data [7] for benchmark tests.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the Li(d, xn) reaction for the development of accelerator-based neutron sources

et al. 2020

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Double-differential neutron production cross sections (DDXs) for deuteron-induced reactions on Li at 200 MeV were measured for emission angles ranging from 0◦ to 25◦ in steps of 5◦ by means of a time of flight (TOF) method with EJ301 liquid organic scintillators at the Research Center for Nuclear Physics (RCNP), Osaka University. The measured DDXs were compared to theoretical model calculations with the DEURACS and PHITS codes and TENDL-2017 nuclear data. It was found that the DEURACS calculation is in better agreement with the measured DDXs than the PHITS calculation, while TENDL-2017 fails to reproduce both the spectral shape and magnitude of the measured DDXs for all angles.

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TENDL: Complete Nuclear Data Library for Innovative Nuclear Science and Technology

Cited by 639 publications

References 94 publications

Experimental and Monte Carlo characterization of a dynamic collimation system prototype for pencil beam scanning proton therapy

Experimental and Monte Carlo characterization of a dynamic collimation system prototype for pencil beam scanning proton therapy

Energy and target material dependence of the neutron yield induced by proton and deuteron bombardment

Study of the Li(d, xn) reaction for the development of accelerator-based neutron sources

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