Tendon Transfers for Achilles Reconstruction

Hypertrophy of the flexor hallucis longus muscle after tendon transfer in patients with chronic Achilles tendon rupture

“…Previous studies have shown comparable results [4][5][6][7][8][9][13][14][15][16]. In the study of Wegrzyn et al [8] the postoperative deficit in plantar flexion torque averaged 28%, and 41% in the study of Wapner et al [4].…”

“…The operation was performed through a single incision placed posteromedially to the Achilles tendon [14]. The Achilles tendon was exposed and the proximal and distal tendon stumps were prepared free from the surrounding tissue.…”

Revision Achilles Reconstruction with Hamstring Autograft and FHL Tendon Transfer in an Athlete

“…Flexor hallucis longus tendon transfer is the recommended gold standard repair because it is in phase with the Achilles tendon, it hypertrophies, and because of its proximity to the Achilles. Flexor hallucis longus muscle belly, however, is much smaller than the gastroc and the soleus, which has implications in terms of the ultimate power patients can get after this procedure [10]. Some authors have advocated using a long FHL tendon graft which would require dissection into the foot and increased morbidity [10].…”

Evaluation of the results of flexor hallucis longus tendon transfer for chronic Achilles tendinopathy

“…Vários procedimentos cirúrgicos foram propostos, como o desbridamento do tendão associado à bursectomia retrocalcânea e ressecção do ângulo posterior do calcâneo (4)(5)(6) . Entretanto, quando mais de 50% do tendão está comprometido, nos pacientes com mais de 50 anos e lesões com gap maiores de 5cm, recomenda-se a realização de transferências tendinosas (2,(7)(8)(9) . Alguns autores defendem a utilização do tendão flexor longo do hálux (FLH), por ser o flexor plantar mais forte do tornozelo, após o Aquiles, ser fásico e ter o eixo colinear com este (7,9) .…”