Tenodesis of the long head of biceps brachii: Cyclic testing of five methods of fixation in a porcine model

Suprapectoral biceps tenodesis: A biomechanical comparison of a new “soft anchor” tenodesis technique versus interference screw biceps tendon fixation

“…8502, Instron, Norwood, MA). Cyclical loading, ranging from 20 N to 100 N (Kusma et al, 2008;Mazzocca et al, 2005), was applied in load control for 500 cycles at 1 Hz (Slabaugh et al, 2011;Su et al, 2013). The maximum load was selected to simulate the load acting on the proximal LHB when a subject is bearing 1 kg weight in the hand with the elbow flexed at 90° (Nordin and Frankel, 2001).…”

Thumb Carpometacarpal Suspension Arthroplasty Using Interference Screw Fixation: Surgical Technique and Clinical Results

“…23 The biomechanical strength of interference screw fixation compared with other fixation types has been studied in several models. Kusma et al, 17 in a porcine model of biceps long head tenodesis, found greater ultimate failure load for interference screws compared with a suture anchor, ligament washer, keyhole technique, and bone tunnel technique. Also in a biceps tenodesis model, Richards et al 24 found interference screw fixation to have greater resistance to pullout than suture anchor fixation.…”

“…Screw fixation has been gaining popularity as a method of fixation of soft tissue to bone and has been successfully applied to elbow medial collateral ligament reconstruction, 16 tenodesis of the long head of the biceps, 17 anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, 18 MCP collateral ligament reconstruction, 20,21 distal biceps repair, 19 ankle stabilization, 22 and split tibialis anterior transfers. 23 The biomechanical strength of interference screw fixation compared with other fixation types has been studied in several models.…”

“…16 -23 Screw fixation of tendon to bone has been demonstrated to have greater load to failure than other types of fixation including suture anchors and suture over a bone bridge or button. 17,21,24 Degradable biotenodesis screws have theoretical advantages over metal interference screws including less stress shielding as they slowly degrade, elimination of additional procedures for hardware removal, and simpler revision surgery if required. [25][26][27] We present a consecutive series of patients treated with basilar joint reconstruction using a resorbable interference screw for fixation of the FCR tendon to the first metacarpal base.…”

Outlet Biceps Tenodesis: A New Technique for Treatment of Biceps Long Head Tendon Injury

“…This testing method is similar to those previously used. 5,[12][13][14] Force and displacement data were recorded with software provided by Instron. The mode of failure was manually recorded.…”