ExperimentalMicroorganisms P. radicum FKI-3765-2, previously reported as a xanthoradone-producing fungus, 13,14) was used for production of 1. The following seven microorganisms were used for antimicrobial tests: Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, Staphylococcus aureus FDA 209P, Micrococcus luteus PCI 1001, Escherichia coli NIHJ, Xanthomonas campestris pv. Oryzae KB 88, Mucor racemosus IFO 4581 and C. albicans KF-1.General Experimental Procedures SSC-ODS-7515-12 (Senshu Scientific Co., Tokyo, Japan) was used for octadecyl silyl (ODS) column chromatography. HPLC was carried out using the L-6200 system (Hitachi, Ltd., Tokyo, Japan). To determine the amounts of 1 to 3 in the culture broths, samples (ethyl acetate extracts) were dissolved in methanol and analyzed by the HP1100 system (Hewlett-Packard Co., Palo Alto, CA, U.S.A.) under the following conditions: column, Symmetry (2.1ϫ150 mm; Waters Corp., Milford, MA, U.S.A.); flow rate, 0.20 ml/min; mobile phase, a 20-min linear gradient from 30% CH 3 CN to 70% CH 3 CN containing 0.050% H 3 PO 4 ; detection, UV at 210 nm. Under these conditions, 1 to 3 were eluted with a retention time of 9.94, 10.6 and 12.0 min, respectively. UV spectra were recorded on a spectrophotometer (8453 UV-Visible spectrophotometer; Agilent Technologies Inc., Santa Clara, CA, U.S.A.). IR spectra were recorded on a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-710; Horiba, Ltd., Kyoto, Japan). Optical rotations were measured with a digital polarimeter (DIP-1000; JASCO, Tokyo, Japan). FAB-mass spectra were recorded on a mass spectrometer (JMS-DX300; JEOL, Tokyo, Japan), and HR-FAB-mass spectra were recorded on a mass spectrometer (JMS-AX505 HA; JEOL, Tokyo, Japan). Various NMR spectra were measured with a spectrometer (XL-400; Varian, Inc., Palo Alto, CA, U.S.A.).Fermentation P. radicum FKI-3765-2 was fermented according to the method similar to xanthoradone production described previously.13) Briefly, a slant culture of strain FKI-3765-2 grown on LCA (0.10% glycerol, 0.080% KH 2 PO 4 , 0.020% K 2 HPO 4 , 0.020% MgSO 4 · 7H 2 O, 0.020% KCl, 0.20% NaNO 3 , 0.020% yeast extract and 1.5% agar, adjusted to pH 6.0 before sterilization) was inoculated into a 50-ml tube containing 10 ml of the seed medium (2.0% glucose, 0.50% polypeptone, 0.050% MgSO 4 · 7H 2 O, 0.20% yeast extract, 0.10% KH 2 PO 4 and 0.10% agar, adjusted to pH 6.0 before sterilization). The tube was shaken reciprocally for 3 d at 27°C. A 1 ml portion of the seed culture was then inoculated into a 500-ml Erlenmeyer flask (IWAKI, Tokyo, Japan) containing the production medium (50 g Italian rice; Japan Europe Trading Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan). The production medium was prepared as follows; Italian rice (50 g) was soaked with water for 2 h, and then collected through a colander. Soaked rice was placed in a 500-ml Elenmeyer flask and sterilized by autoclaving. Fermentation was carried out at 27°C for 13 d under static conditions.
Isolation of Mitorubrin CongenersThe 13-d-old whole culture (1000 g) was extracted with 2.0 l of acetone. After the a...